不同规模城市居民出行方式影响因素分析

Exploring key factors and their impacts on travel mode choice are critical for developing effective strategies or policies and planning new transit systems. It is also important to advance existing systems, which can improve level of service as well as reduce congestion impacts. However, most literatures in previous studies focused on large cities but few on the small and medium ones, and there is a lack of cross-city scale comparison of residents' travel mode choice in the same province. These situations are not conducive to strategy makers to regulate residents' travel mode choice by using key influencing factors. Considering the potential difference of travel behavior and socio-economic conditions within different cities, it is necessary to study and compare the mode choice behavior of residents living in different cities and analyze influence factors. This paper focuses on the factors, including accessibility, traveler characteristics, travel preference and trip characteristics, affecting mode choice. A structural equation models based on unweighted least square is developed with the data collected from three cities in Shanxi Province. Results show that ① the impacts of influence factors on residents' mode choices in the studied cities are significantly different, which implies that strategies for guiding residents' mode choice should be different for cities of different scales. ② In large and medium cities, the indirect effect of accessibility on mode choice through travel preference is stronger than its direct effect on travel mode choice; in small cities, the indirect effect of traveler characteristics on mode choice through preferences is stronger than its direct effect. ③ In all three cities, the indirect paths related to traveler characteristics and traveler preference hold; however, not all the indirect paths related to accessibility hold. In large and medium cities, accessibility can indirectly affect mode choice by influencing travel preferences and travel characteristics; in small cities, the indirect effect of accessibility on mode choice is only through travel preferences.