TY - JOUR
T1 - 110th Anniversary
T2 - Liquid Separation Membranes Based on Nanowire Substrates for Organic Solvent Nanofiltration and Membrane Distillation
AU - Chau, John
AU - Singh, Dhananjay
AU - Sirkar, Kamalesh K.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors gratefully acknowledge support for this research from the NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center for Membrane Science, Engineering and Technology that has been supported via NSF Awards IIP1034710 and IIP-1822130. The bulk of this work was carried out under the MAST Center Project #14-4. The work involving Anodisc membrane and the related hydrophobization technique was developed in an earlier MAST Project #9-1. We acknowledge Dr. Xinjie (Jeff) Zhang of Novarials Inc. for providing us with the nanowire membranes and facilitating this research. We acknowledge EMD Millipore for providing the 25 mm holder for implementation of solvent-resistant nanofiltration.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2019/8/7
Y1 - 2019/8/7
N2 - Ceramic nanowire-based flat porous membranes allow development of organic-inorganic membranes. Two types of surface modifications of alumina nanowire-based membranes were implemented. The first one involved reaction of hydroxyl groups on an alumina surface with silicone oil at a higher temperature, developing a grafted coating yielding a nonporous or a porous hydrophobic membrane. The hydrophobicity was verified via a contact angle comparable to that of a porous hydrophobic ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene membrane. The membrane porosity was demonstrated by running vacuum membrane distillation with a 1 wt % salt-containing brine. The process yielded satisfactory water vapor flux with 98% salt rejection. The silicone oil's reaction with the alumina surface could also block the pores, yielding a nonporous membrane for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN). Interfacial polymerization was also carried out on the porous nanowire membrane to yield a nonporous polyamide membrane. The developed membrane was tested for OSN using the dyes Safranin O (MW, 351 g/mol) and Brilliant Blue R (MW, 826 g/mol) in methanol. Rejections of 68.1% and 76.7% were achieved for Safranin O and Brilliant Blue R, respectively, at a relatively low pressure of 551 kPag (80 psig). The methanol permeabilities were higher than those of a few nanofiltration membranes described in the literature.
AB - Ceramic nanowire-based flat porous membranes allow development of organic-inorganic membranes. Two types of surface modifications of alumina nanowire-based membranes were implemented. The first one involved reaction of hydroxyl groups on an alumina surface with silicone oil at a higher temperature, developing a grafted coating yielding a nonporous or a porous hydrophobic membrane. The hydrophobicity was verified via a contact angle comparable to that of a porous hydrophobic ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene membrane. The membrane porosity was demonstrated by running vacuum membrane distillation with a 1 wt % salt-containing brine. The process yielded satisfactory water vapor flux with 98% salt rejection. The silicone oil's reaction with the alumina surface could also block the pores, yielding a nonporous membrane for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN). Interfacial polymerization was also carried out on the porous nanowire membrane to yield a nonporous polyamide membrane. The developed membrane was tested for OSN using the dyes Safranin O (MW, 351 g/mol) and Brilliant Blue R (MW, 826 g/mol) in methanol. Rejections of 68.1% and 76.7% were achieved for Safranin O and Brilliant Blue R, respectively, at a relatively low pressure of 551 kPag (80 psig). The methanol permeabilities were higher than those of a few nanofiltration membranes described in the literature.
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U2 - 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02292
DO - 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02292
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85070507221
SN - 0888-5885
VL - 58
SP - 14350
EP - 14356
JO - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
JF - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
IS - 31
ER -