@article{337a1baaffbf404ab963e9c45f797467,
title = "4D-Printed Transformable Tube Array for High-Throughput 3D Cell Culture and Histology",
abstract = "3D cell cultures are rapidly emerging as a promising tool to model various human physiologies and pathologies by closely recapitulating key characteristics and functions of in vivo microenvironment. While high-throughput 3D culture is readily available using multi-well plates, assessing the internal microstructure of 3D cell cultures still remains extremely slow because of the manual, laborious, and time-consuming histological procedures. Here, a 4D-printed transformable tube array (TTA) using a shape-memory polymer that enables massively parallel histological analysis of 3D cultures is presented. The interconnected TTA can be programmed to be expanded by 3.6 times of its printed dimension to match the size of a multi-well plate, with the ability to restore its original dimension for transferring all cultures to a histology cassette in order. Being compatible with microtome sectioning, the TTA allows for parallel histology processing for the entire samples cultured in a multi-well plate. The test result with human neural progenitor cell spheroids suggests a remarkable reduction in histology processing time by an order of magnitude. High-throughput analysis of 3D cultures enabled by this TTA has great potential to further accelerate innovations in various 3D culture applications such as high-throughput/content screening, drug discovery, disease modeling, and personalized medicine.",
keywords = "3D cell culture, 4D printing, high-throughput/content screening, parallel histology, shape-memory polymers",
author = "Chen Yang and Jeffrey Luo and Marianne Polunas and Nikola Bosnjak and Chueng, {Sy Tsong Dean} and Michelle Chadwick and Sabaawy, {Hatem E.} and Chester, {Shawn A.} and Lee, {Ki Bum} and Howon Lee",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported in part by Federal funds from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Contract No. HHSN261200800001E. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. H.L. acknowledges partial financial support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) (CBET-1804591). H.E.S. acknowledges partial financial support from Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Shared Resources with funding from NCI-CCSG (P30CA072720), NCI (5R01CA226746). K.-B. L. acknowledges partial financial support from the NSF (CHE-1429062) and NIH R01 (1R01DC016612 and 3R01DC016612-01S1). S.A. Chester acknowledges partial financial support from the NSF (CMMI-1751520). hNPCs (RenCell) were obtained from EMD Millipore; iPSC-NSC were obtained from Dr. Muotri, UC San Diego; C2C12 and HeLa cells were obtained from ATCC; bFGF and EGF were purchased from PeproTech. Funding Information: This work was supported in part by Federal funds from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Contract No. HHSN261200800001E. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. H.L. acknowledges partial financial support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) (CBET‐1804591). H.E.S. acknowledges partial financial support from Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Shared Resources with funding from NCI‐CCSG (P30CA072720), NCI (5R01CA226746). K.‐B. L. acknowledges partial financial support from the NSF (CHE‐1429062) and NIH R01 (1R01DC016612 and 3R01DC016612‐01S1). S.A. Chester acknowledges partial financial support from the NSF (CMMI‐1751520). hNPCs (RenCell) were obtained from EMD Millipore; iPSC‐NSC were obtained from Dr. Muotri, UC San Diego; C2C12 and HeLa cells were obtained from ATCC; bFGF and EGF were purchased from PeproTech. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH",
year = "2020",
month = oct,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1002/adma.202004285",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "32",
journal = "Advanced Materials",
issn = "0935-9648",
publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag",
number = "40",
}