An efficient block-based fragile watermarking system for tamper localization and recovery

Digital information and data are transformed more often over the Internet now than ever before. Creative approaches to storing, accessing, and distributing data have generated many benefits for the digital multimedia field, mainly because of properties such as distortion-free transmission, compact storage, and easy editing. But due to the availability of multimedia manipulation software in the market, a malicious attacker can easily modify the image content. Therefore, the authentication and recovery of the multimedia content has been becoming increasingly important in 182recent years. Digital watermarking (Cox et al., 2001; Shih, 2007) is the leading technique for tamper localization and recovery of the modified content.