Angular momentum fluxes caused by Λ-effect and meridional circulation structure of the Sun

Using mean-field hydrodynamic models of the solar angular momentum balance we show that the non-monotonic latitudinal dependence of the radial angular momentum fluxes caused by Λ-effect can affect the number of the meridional circulation cells stacking in the radial direction in the solar convection zone. In particular, our results show the possibility of a complicated triple-cell meridional circulation structure. This pattern consists of two large counterclockwise circulation cells (the N-hemisphere) and a smaller clockwise cell located at low latitudes at the bottom of the convection zone. Similar triple-cell circulation patterns were previously earlier found in a number of 3D global simulations models. The effect is demonstrated for the first time using the mean-field parametrization of the Λ-effect.