TY - GEN
T1 - Charge injection capacity of TiN electrodes for an extended voltage range
AU - Patan, Mustafa
AU - Shah, Tosha
AU - Sahin, Mesut
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - Many applications of neural stimulation demand a high current density from the electrodes used for stimulus delivery. New materials have been searched that can provide such large current and charge densities where the traditional noble metal and capacitor electrodes are inadequate. Titanium nitride, which has been used in cardiac pacemaker leads for many years, is one of these materials recently considered for neural stimulation. In this short report, we investigated the charge injection capacity of TiN electrodes for an extended range of cathodic voltages. The injected charge increased first slowly as a function of the electrode voltage, and then at a faster rate beyond -1.6V. The maximum charge was 4.45mC/cm2 (n=6) for a cathodic voltage peak of -3.0V and a bias voltage of -0.8V. There was no evidence of bubble generation under microscopic observation. The unrecoverable charges remained under 7% of the total injected charge for the largest cathodic voltage tested. These large values of charge injection capacity and relatively small unrecoverable charges warrant further investigation of the charge injection mechanism in TiN interfaces at this extended range of electrode voltages.
AB - Many applications of neural stimulation demand a high current density from the electrodes used for stimulus delivery. New materials have been searched that can provide such large current and charge densities where the traditional noble metal and capacitor electrodes are inadequate. Titanium nitride, which has been used in cardiac pacemaker leads for many years, is one of these materials recently considered for neural stimulation. In this short report, we investigated the charge injection capacity of TiN electrodes for an extended range of cathodic voltages. The injected charge increased first slowly as a function of the electrode voltage, and then at a faster rate beyond -1.6V. The maximum charge was 4.45mC/cm2 (n=6) for a cathodic voltage peak of -3.0V and a bias voltage of -0.8V. There was no evidence of bubble generation under microscopic observation. The unrecoverable charges remained under 7% of the total injected charge for the largest cathodic voltage tested. These large values of charge injection capacity and relatively small unrecoverable charges warrant further investigation of the charge injection mechanism in TiN interfaces at this extended range of electrode voltages.
KW - Current density
KW - Microelectrodes
KW - Neural stimulation
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U2 - 10.1109/IEMBS.2006.260088
DO - 10.1109/IEMBS.2006.260088
M3 - Conference contribution
C2 - 17946870
AN - SCOPUS:34047127499
SN - 1424400325
SN - 9781424400324
T3 - Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings
SP - 890
EP - 892
BT - 28th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'06
T2 - 28th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'06
Y2 - 30 August 2006 through 3 September 2006
ER -