Chemical and biological sensors: Meeting the challenges of environmental monitoring

The focus of this chapter is to address the challenges of developing practical chemical and biological sensors suitable for measuring toxic pollutants, and to highlight how recent works reported in this volume and other literature are helping to address these challenges. It provides an overview of how chemical and biological sensors are meeting the challenges of environmental monitoring including enhanced specificity, fast response times, and the ability to determine multiple analytes with little or no need for sample preparation steps in complex samples.