@inproceedings{4aa45d30d2494d5399b490cb0b3c33f5,
title = "CYRA - The cryogenic infrared spectrograph for the Goode Solar Telescope in Big Bear",
abstract = "CYRA (CrYogenic solar spectrogRAph) is a facility instrument of the 1.6-meter Goode Solar Telescope (GST) at the Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO). CYRA focuses on the study of the near-infrared solar spectrum between 1 and 5 microns, an under-explored region which is not only fertile ground for photospheric magnetic diagnostics but also allows a unique window into the chromosphere lying atop the photosphere. CYRA is the first-ever fully cryogenic spectrograph in any solar observatory with its two predecessors, on the McMath-Pierce and Mees Telescopes, being based on warm optics except for the detectors and order sorting filters. CYRA is used to probe magnetic fields in various solar features and the quiet photosphere. CYRA measurements will allow new and better 3D extrapolations of the solar magnetic field and will provide more accurate boundary conditions for solar activity models. The superior spectral resolution of 150,000 and better allows enhanced observations of the chromosphere in the carbon monoxide (CO) spectral bands and will yield a better understanding of energy transport in the solar atmosphere. CYRA is divided into two optical sub-systems: The Fore-Optics Module and the Spectrograph. The Spectrograph is the heart of the instrument and contains the IR detector, grating, slits, filters, and imaging optics all in a cryogenically cooled Dewar (cryostat). The sensor is a 2048 by 2048 pixel HAWAII 2 array produced by Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, LLC. The cryostat interior and the readout electronics are maintained at 90 Kelvin by helium refrigerant-based cryo-coolers, while the IR array is cooled to 30 Kelvin. The Fore-Optics Module de-rotates and stabilizes the solar image, provides scanning capabilities and transfers the GST image to the Spectrograph. CYRA has been installed and is undergoing its commissioning phase. This paper reports on the design, implementation, and operation of CYRA in detail. The preliminary scientific results have been highlighted as well.",
keywords = "Cryogenic, Infrared, Magnetic field, Solar physics, Spectrograph",
author = "Xu Yang and Wenda Cao and Nicolas Gorceix and Claude Plymate and Sergey Shumko and Bai, {Xian Yong} and Matt Penn and Thomas Ayres and Roy Coulter and Goode, {Philip R.}",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments. BBSO operation is supported by NJIT and US NSF AGS-1821294 grant. GST operation is partly supported by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, the Seoul National University, and the Key Laboratory of Solar Activities of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and the Operation, Maintenance and Upgrading Fund of CAS for Astronomical Telescopes and Facility Instruments. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 SPIE; Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII 2020 ; Conference date: 14-12-2020 Through 22-12-2020",
year = "2020",
doi = "10.1117/12.2562474",
language = "English (US)",
series = "Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering",
publisher = "SPIE",
editor = "Evans, {Christopher J.} and Bryant, {Julia J.} and Kentaro Motohara",
booktitle = "Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII",
address = "United States",
}