TY - GEN
T1 - Deaf and Hard of Hearing Viewers’ Preference for Speaker Identifier Type in Live TV Programming
AU - Amin, Akher Al
AU - Mendis, Joseph
AU - Kushalnagar, Raja
AU - Vogler, Christian
AU - Lee, Sooyeon
AU - Huenerfauth, Matt
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - When there are multiple people shown onscreen at one time, people who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) viewing captions may find it challenging to determine who the current speaker is, especially when speakers interrupt each other abruptly or when there is a lot of turn-taking. Prior research has proposed several methods of indicating speakers, including in-text methods and methods in which the caption is dynamically located onscreen. However, prior work has not examined the effectiveness of various speaker-identifier methods for conveying who is speaking when the number of speakers on the screen increases. To determine which speaker-identifier methods are effective for DHH viewers, as the number of speakers on screen varies, we have conducted an empirical study with 31 DHH participants. We observed DHH viewers preference for speaker-identifier types, for videos that vary in the number of speakers shown onscreen. Determining the relationship between DHH viewers’ preference for speaker-identifier methods and the number of onscreen speakers can guide broadcasters to select appropriate speaker-identifier methods based on the number of speakers that appear on the screen.
AB - When there are multiple people shown onscreen at one time, people who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) viewing captions may find it challenging to determine who the current speaker is, especially when speakers interrupt each other abruptly or when there is a lot of turn-taking. Prior research has proposed several methods of indicating speakers, including in-text methods and methods in which the caption is dynamically located onscreen. However, prior work has not examined the effectiveness of various speaker-identifier methods for conveying who is speaking when the number of speakers on the screen increases. To determine which speaker-identifier methods are effective for DHH viewers, as the number of speakers on screen varies, we have conducted an empirical study with 31 DHH participants. We observed DHH viewers preference for speaker-identifier types, for videos that vary in the number of speakers shown onscreen. Determining the relationship between DHH viewers’ preference for speaker-identifier methods and the number of onscreen speakers can guide broadcasters to select appropriate speaker-identifier methods based on the number of speakers that appear on the screen.
KW - Caption
KW - Live-TV
KW - Speaker-identifier
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133002592&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85133002592&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-031-05028-2_13
DO - 10.1007/978-3-031-05028-2_13
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85133002592
SN - 9783031050275
T3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
SP - 200
EP - 211
BT - Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Novel Design Approaches and Technologies - 16th International Conference, UAHCI 2022, Held as Part of the 24th HCI International Conference, HCII 2022, Proceedings
A2 - Antona, Margherita
A2 - Stephanidis, Constantine
PB - Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
T2 - 16th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction, UAHCI 2022 Held as Part of the 24th HCI International Conference, HCII 2022
Y2 - 26 June 2022 through 1 July 2022
ER -