TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of Tri-n-octylamine with or without Diluents on Microporous Ethylene Chlorotrifluoroethylene Membranes
AU - Yao, Na
AU - Khusid, Boris
AU - Sirkar, Kamalesh K.
AU - Dehn, Derek J.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors gratefully acknowledge support for this research from the NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center for Membrane Science, Engineering, and Technology that has been supported via NSF Award IIP1034710. We are grateful to Prof. Zafar Iqbal (NJIT) for sharing the instrument for FTIR analysis, Prof. Michael Jaffe (NJIT) for sharing the instrument for DSC analysis, as well as Prof. Wen Zhang (NJIT) for sharing the instrument for particles size distribution measurement. We also acknowledge Park Systems Inc. (Santa Clara, CA) for assisting with AFM measurement. Na Yao was supported by NJIT in Fall 2016-Spring 2017.
PY - 2017/8/30
Y1 - 2017/8/30
N2 - Microporous ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) membranes are expected to become industrially useful. Its solvent resistance is important in applications involving solvent microfiltration, organic synthesis, and membrane solvent extraction (MSX). Recent characterizations of microporous ECTFE membrane after exposure to different liquid media and radiation, indicated that pure tri-n-octylamine (TOA) does have some effect. However, it is used in MSX with diluents, e.g., xylene. Therefore, many material and porous-structure characterization techniques and dead-end microfiltration were employed to study solvent-treatment effects on ECTFE membranes exposed to ethanol, xylene, xylene80/TOA20, and pure TOA. Membrane-surface roughness of virgin, ethanol-soaked, and TOA-soaked membranes indicated TOA-soaked membranes were the roughest, followed by ethanol-soaked and virgin ones. Bubble-point-pressure based maximum pore diameters (dmax) of solvent-treated membranes were: dmax,TOA > dmax,Xylene/TOA > dmax,Xylene > dmax,Ethanol > dmax,Virgin. In dead-end microfiltration, fouling mechanisms behaved differently for virgin and TOA-soaked membranes; filtrate particle size distributions agreed well with estimated pore sizes. Additional characterizations indicated the limited effect of ethanol and xylene; however, TOA-soaked membrane behaved differently. In FTIR and Raman spectra, TOA introduced extra peaks indicating contributions from C-H stretching and deformation. Raman spectra of xylene80/TOA20-soaked membrane were a combination of those of xylene and TOA. (Graph Presented).
AB - Microporous ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) membranes are expected to become industrially useful. Its solvent resistance is important in applications involving solvent microfiltration, organic synthesis, and membrane solvent extraction (MSX). Recent characterizations of microporous ECTFE membrane after exposure to different liquid media and radiation, indicated that pure tri-n-octylamine (TOA) does have some effect. However, it is used in MSX with diluents, e.g., xylene. Therefore, many material and porous-structure characterization techniques and dead-end microfiltration were employed to study solvent-treatment effects on ECTFE membranes exposed to ethanol, xylene, xylene80/TOA20, and pure TOA. Membrane-surface roughness of virgin, ethanol-soaked, and TOA-soaked membranes indicated TOA-soaked membranes were the roughest, followed by ethanol-soaked and virgin ones. Bubble-point-pressure based maximum pore diameters (dmax) of solvent-treated membranes were: dmax,TOA > dmax,Xylene/TOA > dmax,Xylene > dmax,Ethanol > dmax,Virgin. In dead-end microfiltration, fouling mechanisms behaved differently for virgin and TOA-soaked membranes; filtrate particle size distributions agreed well with estimated pore sizes. Additional characterizations indicated the limited effect of ethanol and xylene; however, TOA-soaked membrane behaved differently. In FTIR and Raman spectra, TOA introduced extra peaks indicating contributions from C-H stretching and deformation. Raman spectra of xylene80/TOA20-soaked membrane were a combination of those of xylene and TOA. (Graph Presented).
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85028562895&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85028562895&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01839
DO - 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01839
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85028562895
SN - 0888-5885
VL - 56
SP - 9698
EP - 9709
JO - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
JF - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
IS - 34
ER -