Electrochemical cells with intermediate capacitor elements

Our goal is to electronically regulate electrochemical cells. For this, we introduced a third element, called the gate, which was placed between the cathode and the anode electrodes of the cell. Voltage applied to this element controlled the electronic current in the external circuit. The change in the cell's current was attributed to local change in the electrolyte potential, which impacted the flow of ions within the cell. We provide simulations and experimental data as a proof of concept. This is but the first step toward a demonstration of a two-dimensional, bi-carrier ion transistors.