TY - JOUR
T1 - Fluorescent Multifunctional Organic Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery and Bioimaging
T2 - A Tutorial Review
AU - Vargas-Nadal, Guillem
AU - Köber, Mariana
AU - Nsamela, Audrey
AU - Terenziani, Francesca
AU - Sissa, Cristina
AU - Pescina, Silvia
AU - Sonvico, Fabio
AU - Gazzali, Amirah Mohd
AU - Wahab, Habibah A.
AU - Grisanti, Luca
AU - Olivera, María Eugenia
AU - Palena, María Celeste
AU - Guzman, María Laura
AU - Luciani-Giacobbe, Laura Carolina
AU - Jimenez-Kairuz, Alvaro
AU - Ventosa, Nora
AU - Ratera, Imma
AU - Belfield, Kevin D.
AU - Maoz, Ben M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: G.V.-N. benefited from the financial support of the COMP-HUB Initiative, funded by the “Departments of Excellence” program of the Italian Ministry for Education, University and Research (MIUR, 2018–2022). A.N. acknowledges funding received from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 812780.
Funding Information:
Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowka-Curie grant agreement No. 101007804 (Micro4Nano). M.K., N.V., and I.R. acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the Severo Ochoa Program for Centers of Excellence in R&D (SEV-2015-0496 and CEX2019-000917-S) and through the grant “MOL4BIO” (PID2019-105622RB-I00). K.D.B acknowledges support from the US National Science Foundation (EFMA-2203704) and the National Institutes of Health (R21AA028340).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - Fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) are a large family of nanostructures constituted by organic components that emit light in different spectral regions upon excitation, due to the presence of organic fluorophores. FONs are of great interest for numerous biological and medical applications, due to their high tunability in terms of composition, morphology, surface functional-ization, and optical properties. Multifunctional FONs combine several functionalities in a single nanostructure (emission of light, carriers for drug-delivery, functionalization with targeting ligands, etc.), opening the possibility of using the same nanoparticle for diagnosis and therapy. The prepa-ration, characterization, and application of these multifunctional FONs require a multidisciplinary approach. In this review, we present FONs following a tutorial approach, with the aim of providing a general overview of the different aspects of the design, preparation, and characterization of FONs. The review encompasses the most common FONs developed to date, the description of the most important features of fluorophores that determine the optical properties of FONs, an overview of the preparation methods and of the optical characterization techniques, and the description of the theoretical approaches that are currently adopted for modeling FONs. The last part of the review is devoted to a non-exhaustive selection of some recent biomedical applications of FONs.
AB - Fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) are a large family of nanostructures constituted by organic components that emit light in different spectral regions upon excitation, due to the presence of organic fluorophores. FONs are of great interest for numerous biological and medical applications, due to their high tunability in terms of composition, morphology, surface functional-ization, and optical properties. Multifunctional FONs combine several functionalities in a single nanostructure (emission of light, carriers for drug-delivery, functionalization with targeting ligands, etc.), opening the possibility of using the same nanoparticle for diagnosis and therapy. The prepa-ration, characterization, and application of these multifunctional FONs require a multidisciplinary approach. In this review, we present FONs following a tutorial approach, with the aim of providing a general overview of the different aspects of the design, preparation, and characterization of FONs. The review encompasses the most common FONs developed to date, the description of the most important features of fluorophores that determine the optical properties of FONs, an overview of the preparation methods and of the optical characterization techniques, and the description of the theoretical approaches that are currently adopted for modeling FONs. The last part of the review is devoted to a non-exhaustive selection of some recent biomedical applications of FONs.
KW - FONs manufacturing
KW - bioimaging
KW - drug delivery
KW - fluorescence
KW - fluorescence microscopy
KW - fluorophores
KW - organic nanoparticles
KW - theoretical simulations of nanoparticles
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U2 - 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112498
DO - 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112498
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85148533417
SN - 1999-4923
VL - 14
JO - Pharmaceutics
JF - Pharmaceutics
IS - 11
M1 - 2498
ER -