Abstract
High-resolution Airborne Wide-band Camera (HAWC+) is the facility far-infrared imager and polarimeter for SOFIA, NASA's Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy. It is designed to cover the portion of the infrared spectrum that is completely inaccessible to ground-based observatories and which is essential for studies of astronomical sources with temperatures between tens and hundreds of degrees Kelvin. Its ability to make polarimetric measurements of aligned dust grains provides a unique new capability for studying interstellar magnetic fields. HAWC+ began commissioning flights in April 2016 and was accepted as a facility instrument in early 2018. In this paper, we describe the instrument, its operational procedures, and its performance on the observatory.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Article number | 1840008 |
Journal | Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation |
Volume | 7 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 1 2018 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Instrumentation
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
Keywords
- Instrumentation
- camera
- detectors
- dust
- far-infrared
- formation
- polarimeters
- stars
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HAWC +, the Far-Infrared Camera and Polarimeter for SOFIA. / Harper, Doyal A.; Runyan, Marcus C.; Dowell, C. Darren; Wirth, C. Jesse; Amato, Michael; Ames, Troy; Amiri, Mandana; Banks, Stuart; Bartels, Arlin; Benford, Dominic J.; Berthoud, Marc; Buchanan, Ernest; Casey, Sean; Chapman, Nicholas L.; Chuss, David T.; Cook, Brant; Derro, Rebecca; Dotson, Jessie L.; Evans, Rhodri; Fixsen, Dale; Gatley, Ian; Guerra, Jordan A.; Halpern, Mark; Hamilton, Ryan T.; Hamlin, Louise A.; Hansen, Christopher J.; Heimsath, Stephen; Hermida, Alfonso; Hilton, Gene C.; Hirsch, Robert; Hollister, Matthew I.; Hostetter, Carl F.; Irwin, Kent; Jhabvala, Christine A.; Jhabvala, Murzban; Kastner, Joel; Kovács, Attila; Lin, Sean; Loewenstein, Robert F.; Looney, Leslie W.; Lopez-Rodriguez, Enrique; Maher, Stephen F.; Michail, Joseph M.; Miller, Timothy M.; Moseley, S. Harvey; Novak, Giles; Pernic, Robert J.; Rennick, Timothy; Rhody, Harvey; Sandberg, Eric; Sandford, Dale; Santos, Fabio Pereira; Shafer, Rick; Sharp, Elmer H.; Shirron, Peter; Siah, Javad; Silverberg, Robert; Sparr, Leroy M.; Spotz, Robert; Staguhn, Johannes G.; Toorian, Armen S.; Towey, Shannon; Tuttle, Jim; Vaillancourt, John; Voellmer, George; Volpert, Carolyn G.; Wang, Shu I.; Wollack, Edward J.
In: Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation, Vol. 7, No. 4, 1840008, 01.12.2018.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - HAWC +, the Far-Infrared Camera and Polarimeter for SOFIA
AU - Harper, Doyal A.
AU - Runyan, Marcus C.
AU - Dowell, C. Darren
AU - Wirth, C. Jesse
AU - Amato, Michael
AU - Ames, Troy
AU - Amiri, Mandana
AU - Banks, Stuart
AU - Bartels, Arlin
AU - Benford, Dominic J.
AU - Berthoud, Marc
AU - Buchanan, Ernest
AU - Casey, Sean
AU - Chapman, Nicholas L.
AU - Chuss, David T.
AU - Cook, Brant
AU - Derro, Rebecca
AU - Dotson, Jessie L.
AU - Evans, Rhodri
AU - Fixsen, Dale
AU - Gatley, Ian
AU - Guerra, Jordan A.
AU - Halpern, Mark
AU - Hamilton, Ryan T.
AU - Hamlin, Louise A.
AU - Hansen, Christopher J.
AU - Heimsath, Stephen
AU - Hermida, Alfonso
AU - Hilton, Gene C.
AU - Hirsch, Robert
AU - Hollister, Matthew I.
AU - Hostetter, Carl F.
AU - Irwin, Kent
AU - Jhabvala, Christine A.
AU - Jhabvala, Murzban
AU - Kastner, Joel
AU - Kovács, Attila
AU - Lin, Sean
AU - Loewenstein, Robert F.
AU - Looney, Leslie W.
AU - Lopez-Rodriguez, Enrique
AU - Maher, Stephen F.
AU - Michail, Joseph M.
AU - Miller, Timothy M.
AU - Moseley, S. Harvey
AU - Novak, Giles
AU - Pernic, Robert J.
AU - Rennick, Timothy
AU - Rhody, Harvey
AU - Sandberg, Eric
AU - Sandford, Dale
AU - Santos, Fabio Pereira
AU - Shafer, Rick
AU - Sharp, Elmer H.
AU - Shirron, Peter
AU - Siah, Javad
AU - Silverberg, Robert
AU - Sparr, Leroy M.
AU - Spotz, Robert
AU - Staguhn, Johannes G.
AU - Toorian, Armen S.
AU - Towey, Shannon
AU - Tuttle, Jim
AU - Vaillancourt, John
AU - Voellmer, George
AU - Volpert, Carolyn G.
AU - Wang, Shu I.
AU - Wollack, Edward J.
N1 - Funding Information: The development of the ¯rst-generation HAWC instrument at the University of Chicago was funded under a grant from Universities Space Research Association. The HAWC+ upgrade program was funded by a NASA SOFIA Second Generation Instruments grant to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, and partnering institutions. Part of the research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Initial prototype development of the HAWC+ polarimeter was funded by the JPL Research and Technology Development program. We thank the USRA/SOFIA Science Operation Center sta® and NASA Armstrong B703 support sta® for their support during development, commissioning, and HAWC+ science observations. We thank Paul Alvarez and Kevin Hanna for assistance with designing and implementing electrical cabling for HAWC+. We are grateful for assistance received from Northwestern University's Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics, and in particular, we would like to thank J. Everett, D. Johannsson, V. Kalogera, G. Oehls-chlager, and J. Paris for contributing their computer expertise and other crucial support. We thank the GSFC Device Development Laboratory (DDL) team for their work on the HAWC+ detectors: Regis Brekosky, Meng-Ping Chang, James Cherve-nak, Nicholas Costen, Aaron Datesman, Vorachai Kluengpho, Edward Leong, George Manos, and Joseph Oxborrow. We also thank the following JPL personnel: Anthony Turner for fabrication of the lithographed polarizers used on the periscope, and Darren Michaels and Colin McKinney for design and production of the custom printed circuit boards. We wish to express particular thanks to Roger Hildebrand for his invaluable contributions Funding Information: The development of the first-generation HAWC instrument at the University of Chicago was funded under a grant from Universities Space Research Association. The HAWC+ upgrade program was funded by a NASA SOFIA Second Generation Instruments grant to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, and partnering institutions. Part of the research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Initial prototype development of the HAWC+ polarimeter was funded by the JPL Research and Technology Development program. We thank the USRA/SOFIA Science Operation Center staff and NASA Armstrong B703 support staff for their support during development, commissioning, and HAWC+ science observations. We thank Paul Alvarez and Kevin Hanna for assistance with designing and implementing electrical cabling for HAWC+. We are grateful for assistance received from Northwestern University's Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics, and in particular, we would like to thank J. Everett, D. Johannsson, V. Kalogera, G. Oehlschlager, and J. Paris for contributing their computer expertise and other crucial support. We thank the GSFC Device Development Laboratory (DDL) team for their work on the HAWC+ detectors: Regis Brekosky, Meng-Ping Chang, James Chervenak, Nicholas Costen, Aaron Datesman, Vorachai Kluengpho, Edward Leong, George Manos, and Joseph Oxborrow. We also thank the following JPL personnel: Anthony Turner for fabrication of the lithographed polarizers used on the periscope, and Darren Michaels and Colin McKinney for design and production of the custom printed circuit boards. We wish to express particular thanks to Roger Hildebrand for his invaluable contributions as a colleague, mentor, and pioneer in the field of far-infrared polarimetry. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s).
PY - 2018/12/1
Y1 - 2018/12/1
N2 - High-resolution Airborne Wide-band Camera (HAWC+) is the facility far-infrared imager and polarimeter for SOFIA, NASA's Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy. It is designed to cover the portion of the infrared spectrum that is completely inaccessible to ground-based observatories and which is essential for studies of astronomical sources with temperatures between tens and hundreds of degrees Kelvin. Its ability to make polarimetric measurements of aligned dust grains provides a unique new capability for studying interstellar magnetic fields. HAWC+ began commissioning flights in April 2016 and was accepted as a facility instrument in early 2018. In this paper, we describe the instrument, its operational procedures, and its performance on the observatory.
AB - High-resolution Airborne Wide-band Camera (HAWC+) is the facility far-infrared imager and polarimeter for SOFIA, NASA's Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy. It is designed to cover the portion of the infrared spectrum that is completely inaccessible to ground-based observatories and which is essential for studies of astronomical sources with temperatures between tens and hundreds of degrees Kelvin. Its ability to make polarimetric measurements of aligned dust grains provides a unique new capability for studying interstellar magnetic fields. HAWC+ began commissioning flights in April 2016 and was accepted as a facility instrument in early 2018. In this paper, we describe the instrument, its operational procedures, and its performance on the observatory.
KW - Instrumentation
KW - camera
KW - detectors
KW - dust
KW - far-infrared
KW - formation
KW - polarimeters
KW - stars
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85053113225&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85053113225&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1142/S2251171718400081
DO - 10.1142/S2251171718400081
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85053113225
VL - 7
JO - Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation
JF - Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation
SN - 2251-1717
IS - 4
M1 - 1840008
ER -