Hemorrhage Associated Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury

Xiaotang Ma, Yiming Cheng, Ricardo Garcia, James Haorah

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

14 Scopus citations

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health problem for over 3.17 million people in the US, attracting increasing public attentions. Understanding the underlying mechanism of TBI is urgent for better diagnosis and treatment. Here, we examined the hypothesis that cerebral hemorrhagic coagulation and subsequent immune cells infiltration causes the progressive mechanisms of brain injury in moderate fluid percussion injury model. This represents a subdural hematoma and hemorrhagic head injury. We found increased hemorrhagic lesions and infarct volume in the injured brain with increment of pressure. The extent of hemorrhage was also validated by the bio-distribution of fluorescent tracer in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathway after the injury. Bio-distribution of tracer was specifically diminished at the site of hemorrhage resulting from coagulation, which blocked the interstitial and CSF movement of the tracer. Increased expression of coagulation factor XII and necrotic cell death in and around the impact site confirmed the reason for this blockade. Different biomarkers, including immune cells accumulation and neuronal death showed that blood-brain barrier disruption played an important role for induction of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration around the impact site. Our results suggest that instant hemorrhagic injury resulting from rupturing the brain blood vessels intertwined with coagulation causes onsite perivascular inflammation and neurodegeneration. Understanding of this sequential event should be valuable for development of therapeutic treatment in TBI. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)181-195
Number of pages15
JournalJournal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology
Volume15
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 1 2020

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Neuroscience (miscellaneous)
  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Keywords

  • CSF
  • Coagulation
  • Hemorrhage
  • Neuronal death
  • Traumatic brain injury

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Hemorrhage Associated Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this