TY - JOUR
T1 - Internet of Things as System of Systems
T2 - A Review of Methodologies, Frameworks, Platforms, and Tools
AU - Fortino, Giancarlo
AU - Savaglio, Claudio
AU - Spezzano, Giandomenico
AU - Zhou, Mengchu
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received November 19, 2020; revised November 25, 2020; accepted December 1, 2020. Date of publication December 24, 2020; date of current version January 12, 2021. This work was supported in part by the Italian MIUR; in part by the PRIN 2017 Project “Fluidware” under Grant CUP H24I17000070001; and in part by the “COGITO—Sistema dinam-ico e cognitivo per consentire agli edifici di apprendere ed adattarsi” Project, funded by the Italian Government, under Grant ARS01 00836. This article was recommended by Associate Editor H. Zhu. (Corresponding author: Claudio Savaglio.) Giancarlo Fortino is with the Department of Computer Science, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Engineering (DIMES), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy (e-mail: g.fortino@unical.it).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2021/1
Y1 - 2021/1
N2 - The Internet of Things (IoT) is the latest example of the System of Systems (SoS), demanding for both innovative and evolutionary approaches to tame its multifaceted aspects. Over the years, different IoT methodologies, frameworks, platforms, and tools have been proposed by industry and academia, but the jumbled abundance of such development products have resulted into a high (and disheartening) entry-barrier to IoT system engineering. In this survey, we steer IoT developers by: 1) providing baseline definitions to identify the most suitable class of development products - methodologies, frameworks, platforms, and tools-for their purposes and 2) reviewing seventy relevant products through a comparative and practical approach, based on general SoS engineering features revised in the light of main IoT systems desiderata (i.e., interoperability, scalability, smartness, and autonomy). Indeed, we aim to lessen the confusion related to IoT methodologies, frameworks, platforms, and tools as well as to freeze their current state, for eventually easing the approach towards IoT system engineering.
AB - The Internet of Things (IoT) is the latest example of the System of Systems (SoS), demanding for both innovative and evolutionary approaches to tame its multifaceted aspects. Over the years, different IoT methodologies, frameworks, platforms, and tools have been proposed by industry and academia, but the jumbled abundance of such development products have resulted into a high (and disheartening) entry-barrier to IoT system engineering. In this survey, we steer IoT developers by: 1) providing baseline definitions to identify the most suitable class of development products - methodologies, frameworks, platforms, and tools-for their purposes and 2) reviewing seventy relevant products through a comparative and practical approach, based on general SoS engineering features revised in the light of main IoT systems desiderata (i.e., interoperability, scalability, smartness, and autonomy). Indeed, we aim to lessen the confusion related to IoT methodologies, frameworks, platforms, and tools as well as to freeze their current state, for eventually easing the approach towards IoT system engineering.
KW - Internet of Things (IoT)
KW - IoT framework
KW - IoT methodology
KW - IoT platform
KW - IoT tool
KW - system of systems
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85098786511&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1109/TSMC.2020.3042898
DO - 10.1109/TSMC.2020.3042898
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85098786511
SN - 2168-2216
VL - 51
SP - 223
EP - 236
JO - IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems
JF - IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems
IS - 1
M1 - 9306923
ER -