TY - JOUR
T1 - Liquid membrane-based CO 2 reduction in a breathing apparatus
AU - Obuskovic, Gordana
AU - Sirkar, Kamalesh K.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by Drägerwerk AG, Lübeck, Germany through the Center of Membrane Technologies at NJIT, Newark, NJ. Alex Korikov and Praveen Kosaraju helped in various aspects of this study.
Copyright:
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2012/2/1
Y1 - 2012/2/1
N2 - Hydrophilic porous hollow fiber membranes were used to study appropriate immobilized liquid membranes (ILMs) for selective separation of carbon dioxide from anesthesia breathing circuit gas mixture containing nitrous oxide (N 2O), carbon dioxide (CO 2), oxygen (O 2) and halogenated hydrocarbons (HHCs). The pores in these hollow fibers were impregnated with the following liquids: Na-glycinate-glycerol solution; K-glycinate-glycerol solution and Na-glycinate-PEG 400-glycerol solution. Halogenated hydrocarbon liquids (HHCs) used in the permeation study were halothane, enflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane. Separation of CO 2-N 2O-O 2-HHC mixtures was studied using a variety of hollow fiber support membranes and modules and at temperatures between 25 and 37°C. Relatively low separation factors between CO 2/N 2O were observed in the case of the immobilized Na-glycinate-glycerol solution or K-glycinate-glycerol solution due to similar physicochemical characteristics of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. Highest CO 2 permeances achieved using 5%CO 2 inlet feed concentration at 37°C with hydrophilic microporous polyethersulfone (PES) membranes immobilized either with 3M-Na/K-glycinate-glycerol or 2M-Na-glycinate in 50/50 glycerol/PEG 400 solution were in the order of 100-490 GPU (1GPU=10 -6scc/cm 2-s-cmHg). Observed HHC permeances were in the range of 0.02-2.6 GPU depending on the type of liquid membrane, carrier, temperature and hollow fiber used during this study. Reasonably high selectivity for CO 2/HHC was observed at room and elevated temperatures (37°C). A module having larger membrane area achieved considerable CO 2 removal from the feed breathing gas mixtures at higher sweep gas flow rates (100-450cm 3/min) while using 5%CO 2 inlet feed gas concentration. The highest carbon dioxide permeance of 1600 GPU was achieved with the breathing gas mixture containing 2%CO 2 at the elevated temperature of 37°C, where 5%CO 2/70%N 2O/O 2 balance yielded a CO 2 permeance of 490 GPU at 37°C. An ultrathin hydrophobic porous coating on the outside surface of the PES hollow fibers prevented flooding of the liquid membrane by moisture condensation or flowing water on the outside of the fiber.
AB - Hydrophilic porous hollow fiber membranes were used to study appropriate immobilized liquid membranes (ILMs) for selective separation of carbon dioxide from anesthesia breathing circuit gas mixture containing nitrous oxide (N 2O), carbon dioxide (CO 2), oxygen (O 2) and halogenated hydrocarbons (HHCs). The pores in these hollow fibers were impregnated with the following liquids: Na-glycinate-glycerol solution; K-glycinate-glycerol solution and Na-glycinate-PEG 400-glycerol solution. Halogenated hydrocarbon liquids (HHCs) used in the permeation study were halothane, enflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane. Separation of CO 2-N 2O-O 2-HHC mixtures was studied using a variety of hollow fiber support membranes and modules and at temperatures between 25 and 37°C. Relatively low separation factors between CO 2/N 2O were observed in the case of the immobilized Na-glycinate-glycerol solution or K-glycinate-glycerol solution due to similar physicochemical characteristics of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. Highest CO 2 permeances achieved using 5%CO 2 inlet feed concentration at 37°C with hydrophilic microporous polyethersulfone (PES) membranes immobilized either with 3M-Na/K-glycinate-glycerol or 2M-Na-glycinate in 50/50 glycerol/PEG 400 solution were in the order of 100-490 GPU (1GPU=10 -6scc/cm 2-s-cmHg). Observed HHC permeances were in the range of 0.02-2.6 GPU depending on the type of liquid membrane, carrier, temperature and hollow fiber used during this study. Reasonably high selectivity for CO 2/HHC was observed at room and elevated temperatures (37°C). A module having larger membrane area achieved considerable CO 2 removal from the feed breathing gas mixtures at higher sweep gas flow rates (100-450cm 3/min) while using 5%CO 2 inlet feed gas concentration. The highest carbon dioxide permeance of 1600 GPU was achieved with the breathing gas mixture containing 2%CO 2 at the elevated temperature of 37°C, where 5%CO 2/70%N 2O/O 2 balance yielded a CO 2 permeance of 490 GPU at 37°C. An ultrathin hydrophobic porous coating on the outside surface of the PES hollow fibers prevented flooding of the liquid membrane by moisture condensation or flowing water on the outside of the fiber.
KW - Fluorinated anesthetics
KW - Gas and vapor permeation
KW - Liquid membranes
KW - Microporous hollow fibers
KW - Selective CO removal
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U2 - 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.11.008
DO - 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.11.008
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:83855162149
SN - 0376-7388
VL - 389
SP - 424
EP - 434
JO - Journal of Membrane Science
JF - Journal of Membrane Science
ER -