TY - JOUR
T1 - Localized reductions in resting-state functional connectivity in children with prenatal alcohol exposure
AU - Fan, Jia
AU - Taylor, Paul A.
AU - Jacobson, Sandra W.
AU - Molteno, Christopher D.
AU - Gohel, Suril
AU - Biswal, Bharat B.
AU - Jacobson, Joseph L.
AU - Meintjes, Ernesta M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Contract grant sponsor: National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA); Contract grant numbers: R01AA016781, R21AA017410, U01-AA014790; Contract grant sponsor: South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation of South Africa; Contract grant sponsor: Medical Research Council of South Africa; Contract grant sponsor: Lycaki-Young Fund from the State of Michigan. *Correspondence to: Jia Fan; Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, South Africa. E-mail: jia.fan@uct.ac.za or Sandra
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PY - 2017/10
Y1 - 2017/10
N2 - Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are characterized by impairment in cognitive function that may or may not be accompanied by craniofacial anomalies, microcephaly, and/or growth retardation. Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), which examines the low-frequency component of the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in the absence of an explicit task, provides an efficient and powerful mechanism for studying functional brain networks even in low-functioning and young subjects. Studies using independent component analysis (ICA) have identified a set of resting-state networks (RSNs) that have been linked to distinct domains of cognitive and perceptual function, which are believed to reflect the intrinsic functional architecture of the brain. This study is the first to examine resting-state functional connectivity within these RSNs in FASD. Rs-fMRI scans were performed on 38 children with FASD (19 with either full fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) or partial FAS (PFAS), 19 nonsyndromal heavily exposed (HE)), and 19 controls, mean age 11.3 ± 0.9 years, from the Cape Town Longitudinal Cohort. Nine resting-state networks were generated by ICA. Voxelwise group comparison between a combined FAS/PFAS group and controls revealed localized dose-dependent functional connectivity reductions in five regions in separate networks: anterior default mode, salience, ventral and dorsal attention, and R executive control. The former three also showed lower connectivity in the HE group. Gray matter connectivity deficits in four of the five networks appear to be related to deficits in white matter tracts that provide intra-RSN connections. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5217–5233, 2017.
AB - Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are characterized by impairment in cognitive function that may or may not be accompanied by craniofacial anomalies, microcephaly, and/or growth retardation. Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), which examines the low-frequency component of the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in the absence of an explicit task, provides an efficient and powerful mechanism for studying functional brain networks even in low-functioning and young subjects. Studies using independent component analysis (ICA) have identified a set of resting-state networks (RSNs) that have been linked to distinct domains of cognitive and perceptual function, which are believed to reflect the intrinsic functional architecture of the brain. This study is the first to examine resting-state functional connectivity within these RSNs in FASD. Rs-fMRI scans were performed on 38 children with FASD (19 with either full fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) or partial FAS (PFAS), 19 nonsyndromal heavily exposed (HE)), and 19 controls, mean age 11.3 ± 0.9 years, from the Cape Town Longitudinal Cohort. Nine resting-state networks were generated by ICA. Voxelwise group comparison between a combined FAS/PFAS group and controls revealed localized dose-dependent functional connectivity reductions in five regions in separate networks: anterior default mode, salience, ventral and dorsal attention, and R executive control. The former three also showed lower connectivity in the HE group. Gray matter connectivity deficits in four of the five networks appear to be related to deficits in white matter tracts that provide intra-RSN connections. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5217–5233, 2017.
KW - fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
KW - fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation
KW - regional homogeneity
KW - resting-state functional MRI
KW - resting-state functional connectivity
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U2 - 10.1002/hbm.23726
DO - 10.1002/hbm.23726
M3 - Article
C2 - 28734059
AN - SCOPUS:85029332126
SN - 1065-9471
VL - 38
SP - 5217
EP - 5233
JO - Human Brain Mapping
JF - Human Brain Mapping
IS - 10
ER -