TY - JOUR
T1 - Methods for the effective study of collective behavior in a radial arm maze
AU - Delcourt, Johann
AU - Miller, Noam Y.
AU - Couzin, Iain D.
AU - Garnier, Simon
N1 - Funding Information:
J.D. is a postdoctoral researcher at the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS)–FNRS (Belgium). This work was supported by the FRS–FNRS under FRFC Grants 2.4617.08F, 2.4507.08.F, and T.1064.14 (PDR FNRS project). I.D.C. acknowledges support from the NSF (Grants PHY-0848755, IOS-1355061, and EAGER-IOS-1251585), ONR (Grants N00014-09-1-1074, N00014-14-1-0635), ARO (Grants W911NG-11-1-0385, W911NF-14-1-0431), and the Human Frontier Science Program (RGP0065/2012). We thank Adrian de Froment for useful discussions and for helping with part of the experiments. We also thank Pascal Poncin and Jean-Louis Deneubourg for their support and advice in the PDR FNRS Project. We thank C. Orban for her advice on the writing.
Funding Information:
Author note J.D. is a postdoctoral researcher at the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS)–FNRS (Belgium). This work was supported by the FRS–FNRS under FRFC Grants 2.4617.08F, 2.4507.08.F, and T.1064.14 (PDR FNRS project). I.D.C. acknowledges support from the NSF (Grants PHY-0848755, IOS-1355061, and EAGER-IOS-1251585), ONR (Grants N00014-09-1-1074, N00014-14-1-0635), ARO (Grants W911NG-11-1-0385, W911NF-14-1-0431), and the Human Frontier Science Program (RGP0065/2012). We thank Adrian de Froment for useful discussions and for helping with part of the experiments. We also thank Pascal Poncin and Jean-Louis Deneubourg for their support and advice in the PDR FNRS Project. We thank C. Orban for her advice on the writing.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, Psychonomic Society, Inc.
PY - 2018/8/1
Y1 - 2018/8/1
N2 - Collective behaviors are observed throughout nature, from bacterial colonies to human societies. Important theoretical breakthroughs have recently been made in understanding why animals produce group behaviors and how they coordinate their activities, build collective structures, and make decisions. However, standardized experimental methods to test these findings have been lacking. Notably, easily and unambiguously determining the membership of a group and the responses of an individual within that group is still a challenge. The radial arm maze is presented here as a new standardized method to investigate collective exploration and decision-making in animal groups. This paradigm gives individuals within animal groups the opportunity to make choices among a set of discrete alternatives, and these choices can easily be tracked over long periods of time. We demonstrate the usefulness of this paradigm by performing a set of refuge-site selection experiments with groups of fish. Using an open-source, robust custom image-processing algorithm, we automatically counted the number of animals in each arm of the maze to identify the majority choice. We also propose a new index to quantify the degree of group cohesion in this context. The radial arm maze paradigm provides an easy way to categorize and quantify the choices made by animals. It makes it possible to readily apply the traditional uses of the radial arm maze with single animals to the study of animal groups. Moreover, it opens up the possibility of studying questions specifically related to collective behaviors.
AB - Collective behaviors are observed throughout nature, from bacterial colonies to human societies. Important theoretical breakthroughs have recently been made in understanding why animals produce group behaviors and how they coordinate their activities, build collective structures, and make decisions. However, standardized experimental methods to test these findings have been lacking. Notably, easily and unambiguously determining the membership of a group and the responses of an individual within that group is still a challenge. The radial arm maze is presented here as a new standardized method to investigate collective exploration and decision-making in animal groups. This paradigm gives individuals within animal groups the opportunity to make choices among a set of discrete alternatives, and these choices can easily be tracked over long periods of time. We demonstrate the usefulness of this paradigm by performing a set of refuge-site selection experiments with groups of fish. Using an open-source, robust custom image-processing algorithm, we automatically counted the number of animals in each arm of the maze to identify the majority choice. We also propose a new index to quantify the degree of group cohesion in this context. The radial arm maze paradigm provides an easy way to categorize and quantify the choices made by animals. It makes it possible to readily apply the traditional uses of the radial arm maze with single animals to the study of animal groups. Moreover, it opens up the possibility of studying questions specifically related to collective behaviors.
KW - Collective behavior
KW - Collective decision-making
KW - Fission–fusion societies
KW - Group cohesion
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042210171&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85042210171&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3758/s13428-018-1024-9
DO - 10.3758/s13428-018-1024-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 29464590
AN - SCOPUS:85042210171
SN - 1554-351X
VL - 50
SP - 1673
EP - 1685
JO - Behavior Research Methods
JF - Behavior Research Methods
IS - 4
ER -