@article{f491046aebc04b99a82ff37936c58672,
title = "MSX1-Induced Neural Crest-Like Reprogramming Promotes Melanoma Progression",
abstract = "Melanoma cells share many biological properties with neural crest stem cells. Here we show that the homeodomain transcription factor MSX1, which is significantly correlated with melanoma disease progression, reprograms melanocytes and melanoma cells toward a neural crest precursor-like state. MSX1-reprogrammed normal human melanocytes express the neural crest marker p75 and become multipotent. MSX1 induces a phenotypic switch in melanoma, which is characterized by an oncogenic transition from an E-cadherin–high nonmigratory state toward a ZEB1-high invasive state. ZEB1 up-regulation is responsible for the MSX1-induced migratory phenotype in melanoma cells. Depletion of MSX1 significantly inhibits melanoma metastasis in vivo. These results show that neural crest-like reprogramming achieved by a single factor is a critical process for melanoma progression.",
author = "Heppt, {Markus V.} and Wang, {Joshua X.} and Hristova, {Denitsa M.} and Zhi Wei and Ling Li and Brianna Evans and Marilda Beqiri and Samir Zaman and Jie Zhang and Martin Irmler and Carola Berking and Robert Besch and Johannes Beckers and Rauscher, {Frank J.} and Sturm, {Rick A.} and Fisher, {David E.} and Meenhard Herlyn and Mizuho Fukunaga-Kalabis",
note = "Funding Information: The authors thank J. Hayden and F. Keeney (Wistar Imaging Facility), D.C. Schultz and H.B. Hoff (Wistar Protein Expression Facility), C. Chang (Wistar Genomics/Microarray Facility), D. DiFrancesco (Wistar Animal Facility), R. Delgiacco, and D. Gourevitch (Wistar Histology Facility) for technical support; A.T. Weeraratna, K. R{\"a}s{\"a}nen, R.K. Svoboda, M. Reichert, Y. Yashiro-Ohtani, A. Shiras, Y. Liu, and N. Facompre for valuable discussion. The data in this manuscript were partially presented in J.X. Wang{\textquoteright}s master thesis ( Wang, 2014 ). Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers R21 CA191742 (to MF-K), P01 CA025874 (to MH), R01 CA076674 (to MH), the Alfred Marchionini Foundation (to MVH), Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation (to MH), the Melanoma Research Foundation (to MH), grants from the Helmholtz Portfolio Theme “Metabolic Dysfunction and Common Disease” (to JB) and the Helmholtz Alliance “Imaging and Curing Environmental Metabolic Diseases, ICEMED” (to JB). MVH was supported by a Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds, MD fellowship. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Support for Core Facilities used in this study was provided by Cancer Center Support Grant CA010815 to The Wistar Institute. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 The Authors",
year = "2018",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1016/j.jid.2017.05.038",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "138",
pages = "141--149",
journal = "Journal of Investigative Dermatology",
issn = "0022-202X",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "1",
}