TY - JOUR
T1 - New results on joint classification of vertical structure of ocean properties at a global scale
AU - Fu, Yang
AU - Zheng, Zeyu
AU - Zhou, Mengchu
AU - Yuan, Haitao
AU - Guo, Xiwang
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the Program for National Natural Science Foundation under Grant 71671182, in part by the Program for One-hundred Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant Y5AA100A01, in part by the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program under Grant XLYC1907166, in part by the Liaoning Province Department of Education Foundation of China under Grant L2019027, and in part by the Liaoning Province Dr. Research Foundation of China under Grant 20170520135.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Ocean temperature, salinity, and electric conductivity are essential ocean properties. Their structure and changes directly impact physical, chemical and biological processes in oceans. Since the 1970s, numerous researches have focused on the morphological analysis of vertical profiles in oceanography. However, due to the complexity of an ocean environment, most of them are conducted at local scales or only focus on single elements, e.g., ocean temperature or salinity. This work aims to achieve the joint classification of the vertical structure of ocean properties at a global scale and present two-dimension regional characteristics. Based on 150 seawater profiles from the National Oceanographic Data Center, this work explores such characteristics of ocean temperature, salinity and electric conductivity in the deep sea and achieves global-scale joint classification. We demonstrate that their vertical features have clear regional characteristics and can be classified into four types, i.e., bidirectional gradient, homo-dromous contravariant, homo-dromous gradient, and homodromous gradient (salinity) ones. In addition, our results prove that there exist the power-law distributions of these three factors in intermediate water, which may be explained through the self-organization theory. Moreover, the 'up-tail' phenomenon is widely discovered in the vertical structure of electric conductivity, and it may be considered as a combined effect caused by temperature, pressure, and salinity.
AB - Ocean temperature, salinity, and electric conductivity are essential ocean properties. Their structure and changes directly impact physical, chemical and biological processes in oceans. Since the 1970s, numerous researches have focused on the morphological analysis of vertical profiles in oceanography. However, due to the complexity of an ocean environment, most of them are conducted at local scales or only focus on single elements, e.g., ocean temperature or salinity. This work aims to achieve the joint classification of the vertical structure of ocean properties at a global scale and present two-dimension regional characteristics. Based on 150 seawater profiles from the National Oceanographic Data Center, this work explores such characteristics of ocean temperature, salinity and electric conductivity in the deep sea and achieves global-scale joint classification. We demonstrate that their vertical features have clear regional characteristics and can be classified into four types, i.e., bidirectional gradient, homo-dromous contravariant, homo-dromous gradient, and homodromous gradient (salinity) ones. In addition, our results prove that there exist the power-law distributions of these three factors in intermediate water, which may be explained through the self-organization theory. Moreover, the 'up-tail' phenomenon is widely discovered in the vertical structure of electric conductivity, and it may be considered as a combined effect caused by temperature, pressure, and salinity.
KW - Vertical structure
KW - electric conductivity
KW - joint classification
KW - ocean temperature
KW - power-law behavior
KW - salinity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85084108101&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85084108101&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2985527
DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2985527
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85084108101
SN - 2169-3536
VL - 8
SP - 66448
EP - 66455
JO - IEEE Access
JF - IEEE Access
M1 - 9056839
ER -