Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of transport through moving interfaces with application to bubble growth and collapse

We develop the general equation for the nonequilibrium reversible- irreversible coupling framework of thermodynamics to handle moving interfaces in the context of a gas that can be dissolved in a surrounding liquid. The key innovation is a "moving interface normal transfer" term required for consistency between the thermodynamic evolution equation and the chain rule of functional calculus. The freedom of atomistic displacements of the interface leads to gauge transformations under which the thermodynamic theory should be invariant. The thermodynamic framework provides a complete set of evolution equations and boundary conditions, as we illustrate for the example of bubble growth and collapse.