On multi-hazard considerations in design of structures

Civil infrastructure is vital to economic development and critical to response and recovery after extreme events. However, they are also quite vulnerable to natural and man-made hazards such as earthquakes, storm surge, fire and terrorist threats; especially highway bridges. Therefore, there is a need to move toward multihazard design methods of structures. A multi-hazard approach to design of structures will require emphasis on vertical strength and stability to ensure collapse prevention. Consequently, structural elements' response in the vertical direction and their connection details will require special consideration. Collapse of an intermediate support (due to fire or terrorist acts), buoyancy pressures from an storm surge (such as hurricanes and typhoons) or vertical motion of earthquake ground motion all exert demands on structural components (such as building transfer girders or bridge deck superstructure), bearings, and load transfer mechanism to the foundation that are not considered within the existing design guidelines. The commonality among various hazards and critical parameters are highlighted through specific research and design recommendations.