@inproceedings{1656235035a047b4957d91a1f896f15c,
title = "On the Analytical Modeling and Discretization of Grid-Forming Inverters",
abstract = "The stiff dynamic model of grid-forming inverters (GFMs) presents numerical challenges in time discretization for real-time simulation, estimation, and control. To address this challenge, this paper proposes modeling GFMs as two cascading subsystems: a reference-frame-synchronization system and an in-reference-frame system. This paper demonstrates that these two subsystems are approximately linear, allowing their time discretization to be derived in closed form using the matrix exponential. The proposed discretization method is tested on the IEEE 14-bus power system with a GFM connected and compared with second- and fourth-order Runge-Kutta methods. The numerical results validate the proposed method and demonstrate its potential for discretization with longer step sizes.",
keywords = "approximately linear systems, cascading subsystems, Grid-forming inverter, matrix exponential, numerical stability, state-space model, stiffness, time discretization",
author = "Xingyu Zhao and Marcos Netto and Junbo Zhao",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 IEEE.; 2025 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2025 ; Conference date: 27-07-2025 Through 31-07-2025",
year = "2025",
doi = "10.1109/PESGM52009.2025.11225006",
language = "English (US)",
series = "IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting",
publisher = "IEEE Computer Society",
booktitle = "2025 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2025",
address = "United States",
}