TY - JOUR
T1 - Optimal Positioning of Ground Base Stations in Free-Space Optical Communications for High-Speed Trains
AU - Fathi-Kazerooni, Sina
AU - Kaymak, Yagiz
AU - Rojas-Cessa, Roberto
AU - Feng, Jianghua
AU - Ansari, Nirwan
AU - Zhou, Mengchu
AU - Zhang, Tairan
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received June 29, 2016; revised April 14, 2017 and July 11, 2017; accepted August 5, 2017. Date of publication October 2, 2017; date of current version May 29, 2018. This work was supported in part by CRRC Zhuzhou Institute Co., Ltd. The Associate Editor for this paper was X. Cheng. (Corresponding author: Roberto Rojas-Cessa.) S. Fathi-Kazerooni, Y. Kaymak, R. Rojas-Cessa, N. Ansari, and M. Zhou are with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 USA (e-mail: sina.fathi. kazerooni@njit.edu; yk79@njit.edu; rojas@njit.edu; ansari@njit.edu; zhou@ njit.edu).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2000-2011 IEEE.
PY - 2018/6
Y1 - 2018/6
N2 - In this paper, we propose two different free-space-optics (FSO) coverage models for next-generation high-speed-train communications. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first coverage models proposed for FSO seamless handover. The models provide different coverage areas for performing seamless signal handover and uninterrupted ground-to-train communication. The first model uses two different wavelengths in adjacent covered areas and the second one uses a single wavelength. We find the optimal distance from the train track to a ground base station and the distance between base stations to provide seamless connectivity and handover while minimizing the number of base stations along the track. We base our estimations on a realistic model of an FSO system and provide numerical evaluations demonstrating the performance of the proposed coverage models. We show the different amounts of received power on ground-to-train communications as a function of the location of ground base stations. We also consider the effect of fog on the FSO link as the most attenuating condition for FSO communications. Our results show that communication rates of 1 Gpbs and higher may be achieved with the proposed station positioning and coverage models.
AB - In this paper, we propose two different free-space-optics (FSO) coverage models for next-generation high-speed-train communications. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first coverage models proposed for FSO seamless handover. The models provide different coverage areas for performing seamless signal handover and uninterrupted ground-to-train communication. The first model uses two different wavelengths in adjacent covered areas and the second one uses a single wavelength. We find the optimal distance from the train track to a ground base station and the distance between base stations to provide seamless connectivity and handover while minimizing the number of base stations along the track. We base our estimations on a realistic model of an FSO system and provide numerical evaluations demonstrating the performance of the proposed coverage models. We show the different amounts of received power on ground-to-train communications as a function of the location of ground base stations. We also consider the effect of fog on the FSO link as the most attenuating condition for FSO communications. Our results show that communication rates of 1 Gpbs and higher may be achieved with the proposed station positioning and coverage models.
KW - FSO
KW - Free-space optical communications
KW - beam coverage
KW - high-speed trains
KW - laser-based optical links
KW - optimal base station location
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U2 - 10.1109/TITS.2017.2741999
DO - 10.1109/TITS.2017.2741999
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85030791457
SN - 1524-9050
VL - 19
SP - 1940
EP - 1949
JO - IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
JF - IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
IS - 6
ER -