TY - JOUR
T1 - Organotin contamination in commercial and wild oysters from China
T2 - Increasing occurrence of triphenyltin
AU - Chen, Chunzhao
AU - Chen, Ling
AU - Huang, Qinghui
AU - Chen, Zhaoying
AU - Zhang, Wen
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank the supports from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 0400219364), China, and the Swedish Research Council project (No. CHEMSTRRES-YRD), Sweden.
Funding Information:
The authors thank the supports from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 0400219364 ), China, and the Swedish Research Council project (No. CHEMSTRRES-YRD ), Sweden.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018
PY - 2019/2/10
Y1 - 2019/2/10
N2 - Organotin contamination in marine environment has been a public concern for many years due to its adverse impacts on biota and human health. This study investigated levels, distribution and health risks of six organotin compounds: tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT), monobutyltin (MBT), triphenyltin (TPhT), diphenyltin (DPhT) and monophenyltin (MPhT) in commercial and wild oysters in China. The total organotin in commercial oysters ranged from 251 to 1949 ng Sn g−1 dw (dry weight) >. Two endocrine disruptors TBT and TPhT were detected in these samples with the highest level of 68.1 ± 20.1 ng Sn g−1 dw and 747 ± 7.3 ng Sn g−1 dw, respectively. For wild oysters, the concentrations of total organotins varied from 33.3 to 2671 ng Sn g−1 dw. Butyltins were dominated by TBT with the mean level of 26.1 ± 30.0 ng Sn·g−1 dw and showed no significant spatial variation between the southern and northern coastal zones (p > 0.05). However, compared with the north, phenyltin levels especially TPhT were much higher in the south coastline (246–1484 ng Sn·g−1 dw) due to the wider use of TPhT-based biocides in local mariculture and agriculture. Health risk assessment indicated that a daily exposure of TPhT-contaminated oysters (including commercial and wild ones) may pose adverse threats to human particularly children as the risk quotients (RQ) were higher than 1. Organotin contamination (e.g., TPhT) still occurs in the South China's coastal zones after the TBT ban, which deserves future research and effective measures to protect the marine ecosystem and human health.
AB - Organotin contamination in marine environment has been a public concern for many years due to its adverse impacts on biota and human health. This study investigated levels, distribution and health risks of six organotin compounds: tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT), monobutyltin (MBT), triphenyltin (TPhT), diphenyltin (DPhT) and monophenyltin (MPhT) in commercial and wild oysters in China. The total organotin in commercial oysters ranged from 251 to 1949 ng Sn g−1 dw (dry weight) >. Two endocrine disruptors TBT and TPhT were detected in these samples with the highest level of 68.1 ± 20.1 ng Sn g−1 dw and 747 ± 7.3 ng Sn g−1 dw, respectively. For wild oysters, the concentrations of total organotins varied from 33.3 to 2671 ng Sn g−1 dw. Butyltins were dominated by TBT with the mean level of 26.1 ± 30.0 ng Sn·g−1 dw and showed no significant spatial variation between the southern and northern coastal zones (p > 0.05). However, compared with the north, phenyltin levels especially TPhT were much higher in the south coastline (246–1484 ng Sn·g−1 dw) due to the wider use of TPhT-based biocides in local mariculture and agriculture. Health risk assessment indicated that a daily exposure of TPhT-contaminated oysters (including commercial and wild ones) may pose adverse threats to human particularly children as the risk quotients (RQ) were higher than 1. Organotin contamination (e.g., TPhT) still occurs in the South China's coastal zones after the TBT ban, which deserves future research and effective measures to protect the marine ecosystem and human health.
KW - Coastal pollution
KW - Health risk
KW - Organotin
KW - Oysters
KW - Triphenyltin
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85054326235&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85054326235&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.310
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.310
M3 - Article
C2 - 30293005
AN - SCOPUS:85054326235
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 650
SP - 2527
EP - 2534
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
ER -