TY - JOUR
T1 - Porous hydrophobic-hydrophilic composite membranes for direct contact membrane distillation
AU - Puranik, Aishwarya A.
AU - Rodrigues, Lydia N.
AU - Chau, John
AU - Li, Lin
AU - Sirkar, Kamalesh K.
N1 - Funding Information:
Aishwarya Puranik carried out desalination experiments for her MS Thesis at the Otto York Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT). Lydia Rodrigues and John Chau gratefully acknowledge support for this research from the NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center for Membrane Science, Engineering and Technology that has been supported via NSF Awards IIP 1034710 and IIP 1822130. We acknowledge W. L. Gore & Associates for providing ePTFE membranes. We acknowledge both MilliporeSigma and Pall Corporation also for providing the PVDF membranes. Lin Li was supported by NJIT during initial planning of the membrane modifications in early 2016 after her research was concluded under a research assistantship from NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center for Membrane Science, Engineering and Technology that has been supported via NSF Award IIP 1034710.
Funding Information:
Aishwarya Puranik carried out desalination experiments for her MS Thesis at the Otto York Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT). Lydia Rodrigues and John Chau gratefully acknowledge support for this research from the NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center for Membrane Science, Engineering and Technology that has been supported via NSF Awards IIP 1034710 and IIP 1822130 . We acknowledge W. L. Gore & Associates for providing ePTFE membranes. We acknowledge both MilliporeSigma and Pall Corporation also for providing the PVDF membranes. Lin Li was supported by NJIT during initial planning of the membrane modifications in early 2016 after her research was concluded under a research assistantship from NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center for Membrane Science, Engineering and Technology that has been supported via NSF Award IIP 1034710 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2019/12/1
Y1 - 2019/12/1
N2 - Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) for desalination is attractive for high salt concentrations if low-cost steam/waste heat is available and waste brine disposal cost for inland desalination is factored in. A number of innovations have taken place in DCMD in terms of the structure of the porous hydrophobic membrane. Composite membranes are of increasing interest. Composite membrane structures of great interest include a thin hydrophobic porous layer over a porous hydrophilic layer of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or a thin porous hydrophobic layer over a more conventional hydrophobic porous membrane. These membranes can be in the form of an integral composite or a stacked composite or a laminated composite. A facile method of fabricating such integral composite membranes is plasma polymerization under vacuum. A class of such membranes yielding quite high water vapor fluxes have been characterized using a variety of characterization techniques: Contact angle, liquid entry pressure (LEP), bubble-point pressure, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM). Stacked composites of a hydrophobic ePTFE membrane over a hydrophilic PVDF membrane or a hydrophobic PVDF membrane over another hydrophobic PVDF membrane were also studied. Novel conditions created lead to very high water vapor fluxes compared to those from conventional hydrophobic membranes supported on a mesh support.
AB - Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) for desalination is attractive for high salt concentrations if low-cost steam/waste heat is available and waste brine disposal cost for inland desalination is factored in. A number of innovations have taken place in DCMD in terms of the structure of the porous hydrophobic membrane. Composite membranes are of increasing interest. Composite membrane structures of great interest include a thin hydrophobic porous layer over a porous hydrophilic layer of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or a thin porous hydrophobic layer over a more conventional hydrophobic porous membrane. These membranes can be in the form of an integral composite or a stacked composite or a laminated composite. A facile method of fabricating such integral composite membranes is plasma polymerization under vacuum. A class of such membranes yielding quite high water vapor fluxes have been characterized using a variety of characterization techniques: Contact angle, liquid entry pressure (LEP), bubble-point pressure, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM). Stacked composites of a hydrophobic ePTFE membrane over a hydrophilic PVDF membrane or a hydrophobic PVDF membrane over another hydrophobic PVDF membrane were also studied. Novel conditions created lead to very high water vapor fluxes compared to those from conventional hydrophobic membranes supported on a mesh support.
KW - Composite membrane
KW - Hydrophilic porous substrate
KW - Membrane distillation
KW - Plasma-polymerized hydrophobic fluorosiloxane coating
KW - Stacked composite membrane
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85073703766&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85073703766&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117225
DO - 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117225
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85073703766
SN - 0376-7388
VL - 591
JO - Journal of Membrane Science
JF - Journal of Membrane Science
M1 - 117225
ER -