TY - JOUR
T1 - Raman imaging of membrane fouling
AU - Azizighannad, Samar
AU - Intrchom, Worawit
AU - Mitra, Somenath
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was funded by a grant from the (National Science Foundation) NSF and Membrane Science, Engineering and Technology Center) MAST Center. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF and MAST Center. Funding from the Ida C. Fritts Chair at New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) is also acknowledged. The Otto York Center for Environmental Engineering and Science is acknowledged for the use of their instruments.
Funding Information:
This work was funded by a grant from the (National Science Foundation) NSF and Membrane Science, Engineering and Technology Center) MAST Center. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF and MAST Center. Funding from the Ida C. Fritts Chair at New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) is also acknowledged. The Otto York Center for Environmental Engineering and Science is acknowledged for the use of their instruments.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2020/7/1
Y1 - 2020/7/1
N2 - Membrane processes are widely used in industrial applications such water purification, food processing and pharmaceutical manufacturing. During their operation, the accumulation of foulants in membrane pores and on membrane surfaces lead to the reduction in flux, membrane lifetime and increase in operational cost, and the understanding of the fouling phenomenon is important for mitigating these problems. In this paper we report the application of Raman chemical imaging as a means of identify and map foulants on a membrane surface. The surface of a Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane was studied by Raman chemical imaging before and after fouling during desalination via membrane distillation. Information about location and concentration of three different salts namely CaSO4, BaSO4 and CaCO3 was studied. The three salts showed different distribution patterns, and their distribution was analyzed by correlation mapping and multivariate curve resolution. It was observed that CaSO4 agglomerated in specific places while the BaSO4 and CaCO3 were more distributed. Raman imaging appears to be a powerful tool for studying membrane foulants and can be effective in identifying the distribution of different species on a membrane surface.
AB - Membrane processes are widely used in industrial applications such water purification, food processing and pharmaceutical manufacturing. During their operation, the accumulation of foulants in membrane pores and on membrane surfaces lead to the reduction in flux, membrane lifetime and increase in operational cost, and the understanding of the fouling phenomenon is important for mitigating these problems. In this paper we report the application of Raman chemical imaging as a means of identify and map foulants on a membrane surface. The surface of a Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane was studied by Raman chemical imaging before and after fouling during desalination via membrane distillation. Information about location and concentration of three different salts namely CaSO4, BaSO4 and CaCO3 was studied. The three salts showed different distribution patterns, and their distribution was analyzed by correlation mapping and multivariate curve resolution. It was observed that CaSO4 agglomerated in specific places while the BaSO4 and CaCO3 were more distributed. Raman imaging appears to be a powerful tool for studying membrane foulants and can be effective in identifying the distribution of different species on a membrane surface.
KW - Desalination
KW - Membrane
KW - Membrane distillation
KW - Raman imaging
KW - Water treatment
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U2 - 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116763
DO - 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116763
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85080941012
SN - 1383-5866
VL - 242
JO - Gas Separation and Purification
JF - Gas Separation and Purification
M1 - 116763
ER -