TY - JOUR
T1 - Reliable application layer multicast over combined wired and wireless networks
AU - Kobayashi, Masahiro
AU - Nakayama, Hidehisa
AU - Ansari, Nirwan
AU - Kato, Nei
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received March 12, 2009; revised August 14, 2009. First published September 22, 2009; current version published November 18, 2009. This work was supported in part through the strategic international cooperative program between the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the National Science Foundation Cyber Trust (NSF) under grant no. 0726549. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Dr. Zhihai (Henry) He.
PY - 2009/12
Y1 - 2009/12
N2 - During the last several years, the Internet has evolved from a wired infrastructure to a hybrid of wired and wireless domains by spreading worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), Wi-Fi, and cellular networks. Therefore, there is a growing need to facilitate reliable content delivery over such heterogeneous networks. On the other hand, application layer multicast (ALM) has become a promising approach for streaming media content from a server to a large number of interested nodes. ALM nodes construct a multicast tree and deliver the stream through this tree. However, if a node leaves, it cannot deliver the stream to its descendant nodes. In this case, quality-of-service (QoS) is compromised dramatically. Especially, this problem is exacerbated in wireless networks because of packet errors and handovers. In order to cope with this problem, multiple-tree multicasts have been proposed. However, existing methods fail to deliver contents reliably in combined wired and wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a method to ensure the robustness of node departure, while meeting various bandwidth constraints by using layered multiple description coding (LMDC). Finally, we evaluate the proposed method via extensive simulations by using the network simulator (ns-2). By comparing our proposed method with the existing ones, we demonstrate that our method provides better performance in terms of total throughput, relative delay penalty (RDP), and relative delay variation (RDV). The results indicate that our approach is a more reliable content delivery system when compared with contemporary methods in the context of heterogeneous networks containing wired and wireless environments.
AB - During the last several years, the Internet has evolved from a wired infrastructure to a hybrid of wired and wireless domains by spreading worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), Wi-Fi, and cellular networks. Therefore, there is a growing need to facilitate reliable content delivery over such heterogeneous networks. On the other hand, application layer multicast (ALM) has become a promising approach for streaming media content from a server to a large number of interested nodes. ALM nodes construct a multicast tree and deliver the stream through this tree. However, if a node leaves, it cannot deliver the stream to its descendant nodes. In this case, quality-of-service (QoS) is compromised dramatically. Especially, this problem is exacerbated in wireless networks because of packet errors and handovers. In order to cope with this problem, multiple-tree multicasts have been proposed. However, existing methods fail to deliver contents reliably in combined wired and wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a method to ensure the robustness of node departure, while meeting various bandwidth constraints by using layered multiple description coding (LMDC). Finally, we evaluate the proposed method via extensive simulations by using the network simulator (ns-2). By comparing our proposed method with the existing ones, we demonstrate that our method provides better performance in terms of total throughput, relative delay penalty (RDP), and relative delay variation (RDV). The results indicate that our approach is a more reliable content delivery system when compared with contemporary methods in the context of heterogeneous networks containing wired and wireless environments.
KW - Application layer multicast
KW - Heterogeneous networks
KW - Layered multiple description coding
KW - Wired/wireless networks
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U2 - 10.1109/TMM.2009.2032692
DO - 10.1109/TMM.2009.2032692
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:70450209469
SN - 1520-9210
VL - 11
SP - 1466
EP - 1477
JO - IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
JF - IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
IS - 8
M1 - 5256148
ER -