TY - JOUR
T1 - Residual heel volume during the pressure-driven discharge of complex fluids from consumer dispensing bottles
AU - Teoman, Baran
AU - Potanin, Andrei
AU - Armenante, Piero M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was partially supported through a grant from the Colgate-Palmolive Company , whose contribution is gratefully acknowledged.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - The discharge of complex fluids from consumer bottles containing liquid soaps, creams, lotions, and others, typically results in heel formation, i.e., the ultimate residual amount of fluid left the container. Here, we investigated the fluid rheology effect on heel formation in a commercial hand pump bottle containing different complex fluids and including humectants, polymer solutions, and pastes. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate the flow of fluids whose rheology was based on the Carreau equation, resulting in the prediction of the heel volume. These results were validated using weight measurements to quantify the volume of fluid left in the container and, separately, with an imaging method based on the use of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). All these results were in good agreement. The effective yield stress σ0 at a predefined level was found to be the critical parameter to predict the heel volume.
AB - The discharge of complex fluids from consumer bottles containing liquid soaps, creams, lotions, and others, typically results in heel formation, i.e., the ultimate residual amount of fluid left the container. Here, we investigated the fluid rheology effect on heel formation in a commercial hand pump bottle containing different complex fluids and including humectants, polymer solutions, and pastes. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate the flow of fluids whose rheology was based on the Carreau equation, resulting in the prediction of the heel volume. These results were validated using weight measurements to quantify the volume of fluid left in the container and, separately, with an imaging method based on the use of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). All these results were in good agreement. The effective yield stress σ0 at a predefined level was found to be the critical parameter to predict the heel volume.
KW - Complex fluid discharge
KW - Consumer container
KW - Hand-pump
KW - Heel
KW - Residual waste
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2022.104917
DO - 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2022.104917
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85138322278
SN - 0377-0257
VL - 309
JO - Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics
JF - Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics
M1 - 104917
ER -