Abstract
Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events are interesting from a scientific perspective as they are the product of a broad set of physical processes from the corona out through the extent of the heliosphere, and provide insight into processes of particle acceleration and transport that are widely applicable in astrophysics. From the operations perspective, SEP events pose a radiation hazard for aviation, electronics in space, and human space exploration, in particular for missions outside of the Earth's protective magnetosphere including to the Moon and Mars. Thus, it is critical to improve the scientific understanding of SEP events and use this understanding to develop and improve SEP forecasting capabilities to support operations. Many SEP models exist or are in development using a wide variety of approaches and with differing goals. These include computationally intensive physics-based models, fast and light empirical models, machine learning-based models, and mixed-model approaches. The aim of this paper is to summarize all of the SEP models currently developed in the scientific community, including a description of model approach, inputs and outputs, free parameters, and any published validations or comparisons with data.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Journal | Advances in Space Research |
DOIs | |
State | Accepted/In press - 2022 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Aerospace Engineering
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Geophysics
- Atmospheric Science
- Space and Planetary Science
- Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)
Keywords
- SEP models
- Solar energetic particles
- Space radiation
- Space weather forecasting
- Space weather models
Access to Document
Other files and links
Fingerprint
Dive into the research topics of 'Review of solar energetic particle models'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Cite this
- APA
- Author
- BIBTEX
- Harvard
- Standard
- RIS
- Vancouver
}
In: Advances in Space Research, 2022.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Review of solar energetic particle models
AU - Whitman, Kathryn
AU - Egeland, Ricky
AU - Richardson, Ian G.
AU - Allison, Clayton
AU - Quinn, Philip
AU - Barzilla, Janet
AU - Kitiashvili, Irina
AU - Sadykov, Viacheslav
AU - Bain, Hazel M.
AU - Dierckxsens, Mark
AU - Mays, M. Leila
AU - Tadesse, Tilaye
AU - Lee, Kerry T.
AU - Semones, Edward
AU - Luhmann, Janet G.
AU - Núñez, Marlon
AU - White, Stephen M.
AU - Kahler, Stephen W.
AU - Ling, Alan G.
AU - Smart, Don F.
AU - Shea, Margaret A.
AU - Tenishev, Valeriy
AU - Boubrahimi, Soukaina F.
AU - Aydin, Berkay
AU - Martens, Petrus
AU - Angryk, Rafal
AU - Marsh, Michael S.
AU - Dalla, Silvia
AU - Crosby, Norma
AU - Schwadron, Nathan A.
AU - Kozarev, Kamen
AU - Gorby, Matthew
AU - Young, Matthew A.
AU - Laurenza, Monica
AU - Cliver, Edward W.
AU - Alberti, Tommaso
AU - Stumpo, Mirko
AU - Benella, Simone
AU - Papaioannou, Athanasios
AU - Anastasiadis, Anastasios
AU - Sandberg, Ingmar
AU - Georgoulis, Manolis K.
AU - Ji, Anli
AU - Kempton, Dustin
AU - Pandey, Chetraj
AU - Li, Gang
AU - Hu, Junxiang
AU - Zank, Gary P.
AU - Lavasa, Eleni
AU - Giannopoulos, Giorgos
AU - Falconer, David
AU - Kadadi, Yash
AU - Fernandes, Ian
AU - Dayeh, Maher A.
AU - Muñoz-Jaramillo, Andrés
AU - Chatterjee, Subhamoy
AU - Moreland, Kimberly D.
AU - Sokolov, Igor V.
AU - Roussev, Ilia I.
AU - Taktakishvili, Aleksandre
AU - Effenberger, Frederic
AU - Gombosi, Tamas
AU - Huang, Zhenguang
AU - Zhao, Lulu
AU - Wijsen, Nicolas
AU - Aran, Angels
AU - Poedts, Stefaan
AU - Kouloumvakos, Athanasios
AU - Paassilta, Miikka
AU - Vainio, Rami
AU - Belov, Anatoly
AU - Eroshenko, Eugenia A.
AU - Abunina, Maria A.
AU - Abunin, Artem A.
AU - Balch, Christopher C.
AU - Malandraki, Olga
AU - Karavolos, Michalis
AU - Heber, Bernd
AU - Labrenz, Johannes
AU - Kühl, Patrick
AU - Kosovichev, Alexander G.
AU - Oria, Vincent
AU - Nita, Gelu M.
AU - Illarionov, Egor
AU - O'Keefe, Patrick M.
AU - Jiang, Yucheng
AU - Fereira, Sheldon H.
AU - Ali, Aatiya
AU - Paouris, Evangelos
AU - Aminalragia-Giamini, Sigiava
AU - Jiggens, Piers
AU - Jin, Meng
AU - Lee, Christina O.
AU - Palmerio, Erika
AU - Bruno, Alessandro
AU - Kasapis, Spiridon
AU - Wang, Xiantong
AU - Chen, Yang
AU - Sanahuja, Blai
AU - Lario, David
AU - Jacobs, Carla
AU - Strauss, Du Toit
AU - Steyn, Ruhann
AU - van den Berg, Jabus
AU - Swalwell, Bill
AU - Waterfall, Charlotte
AU - Nedal, Mohamed
AU - Miteva, Rositsa
AU - Dechev, Momchil
AU - Zucca, Pietro
AU - Engell, Alec
AU - Maze, Brianna
AU - Farmer, Harold
AU - Kerber, Thuha
AU - Barnett, Ben
AU - Loomis, Jeremy
AU - Grey, Nathan
AU - Thompson, Barbara J.
AU - Linker, Jon A.
AU - Caplan, Ronald M.
AU - Downs, Cooper
AU - Török, Tibor
AU - Lionello, Roberto
AU - Titov, Viacheslav
AU - Zhang, Ming
AU - Hosseinzadeh, Pouya
N1 - Funding Information: JGL and COL acknowledge support for the SEPMOD model development for CCMC under National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Grant/Cooperative Agreement 80NSSC20K1873 from GSFC to UCB/SSL, with additional support to COL from AFOSR Grant FA9550-16–1-0418. Funding Information: PARADISE has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 870405 (EUHFORIA 2.0) and the ESA project "Heliospheric modelling techniques“ (Contract No. 4000133080/20/NL/CRS). The code was developed in the framework of the projects C14/19/089 (C1 project Internal Funds KU Leuven), G.0D07.19N (FWO-Vlaanderen), SIDC Data Exploitation (ESA Prodex-12), and Belspo project B2/191/P1/SWiM. Funding Information: SEPSTER2D was funded by the NASA/HSR program NNH19ZDA001NHSR, the Goddard Space Flight Center / Internal Scientist Funding Model (ISFM) grant HISFM18, and the Johnson Space Center / Space Radiation Analysis Group (SRAG) under the Integrated Solar Energetic Proton Alert/Warning System (ISEP) project. Funding Information: SEPSTER was supported by the NASA Living With a Star Program (grants NNX15AB80G and NNG06EO90A), and by the CCMC/SRAG ISEP project. Funding Information: SD and CW acknowledge support from NERC via grant NE/V002864/1. Funding Information: The ISEP project is supported by the Advanced Exploration Systems Division under the Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate of NASA and performed in support of the Human Health and Performance Contract for NASA (NNJ15HK11B). Funding Information: SOLPENCO was funded by the ESA contract 14098/99/NL/MM and its validation by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia under the project AYA2004-03022. Funding Information: The ISEP project is supported by the Advanced Exploration Systems Division under the Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate of NASA and performed in support of the Human Health and Performance Contract for NASA (NNJ15HK11B). The HESPERIA project was funded through the European Union's HORIZON 2020 research and Innovation Programme (Contract No 637324) and coordinated by the National Observatory of Athens in Greece. PARADISE has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 870405 (EUHFORIA 2.0) and the ESA project "Heliospheric modelling techniques“ (Contract No. 4000133080/20/NL/CRS). The code was developed in the framework of the projects C14/19/089 (C1 project Internal Funds KU Leuven), G.0D07.19N (FWO-Vlaanderen), SIDC Data Exploitation (ESA Prodex-12), and Belspo project B2/191/P1/SWiM. Predictive Science Inc. was supported by NASA grants 80NSSC19K0067 and 80NSSC20K0285, and NSF grant ICER1854790. The development of the Sadykov et al. model was supported by NASA ESI grant 80NSSC20K0302 and NSF FDSS grant 1936361. JGL and COL acknowledge support for the SEPMOD model development for CCMC under National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Grant/Cooperative Agreement 80NSSC20K1873 from GSFC to UCB/SSL, with additional support to COL from AFOSR Grant FA9550-16–1-0418. SEPSTER was supported by the NASA Living With a Star Program (grants NNX15AB80G and NNG06EO90A), and by the CCMC/SRAG ISEP project. SEPSTER2D was funded by the NASA/HSR program NNH19ZDA001NHSR, the Goddard Space Flight Center / Internal Scientist Funding Model (ISFM) grant HISFM18, and the Johnson Space Center / Space Radiation Analysis Group (SRAG) under the Integrated Solar Energetic Proton Alert/Warning System (ISEP) project. SOLPENCO was funded by the ESA contract 14098/99/NL/MM and its validation by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia under the project AYA2004-03022. SOLPENCO2 was developed under ESA's SEPEM project (Crosby et al. 2015) and updated during ESA's SOL2UP project (Aran et al. 2017), both projects under ESA's contract n. 20162/06/NL/JD and 4000114116/15/NL/HK, respectively. SPARX was initially developed as part of the European Union-funded Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) COMESEP project. The development of the SPREADFAST framework has been funded by a contract to the ESA. SD and CW acknowledge support from NERC via grant NE/V002864/1. Funding Information: The development of the Sadykov et al. model was supported by NASA ESI grant 80NSSC20K0302 and NSF FDSS grant 1936361. Funding Information: Predictive Science Inc. was supported by NASA grants 80NSSC19K0067 and 80NSSC20K0285, and NSF grant ICER1854790. Funding Information: The HESPERIA project was funded through the European Union’s HORIZON 2020 research and Innovation Programme (Contract No 637324) and coordinated by the National Observatory of Athens in Greece. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 COSPAR
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events are interesting from a scientific perspective as they are the product of a broad set of physical processes from the corona out through the extent of the heliosphere, and provide insight into processes of particle acceleration and transport that are widely applicable in astrophysics. From the operations perspective, SEP events pose a radiation hazard for aviation, electronics in space, and human space exploration, in particular for missions outside of the Earth's protective magnetosphere including to the Moon and Mars. Thus, it is critical to improve the scientific understanding of SEP events and use this understanding to develop and improve SEP forecasting capabilities to support operations. Many SEP models exist or are in development using a wide variety of approaches and with differing goals. These include computationally intensive physics-based models, fast and light empirical models, machine learning-based models, and mixed-model approaches. The aim of this paper is to summarize all of the SEP models currently developed in the scientific community, including a description of model approach, inputs and outputs, free parameters, and any published validations or comparisons with data.
AB - Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events are interesting from a scientific perspective as they are the product of a broad set of physical processes from the corona out through the extent of the heliosphere, and provide insight into processes of particle acceleration and transport that are widely applicable in astrophysics. From the operations perspective, SEP events pose a radiation hazard for aviation, electronics in space, and human space exploration, in particular for missions outside of the Earth's protective magnetosphere including to the Moon and Mars. Thus, it is critical to improve the scientific understanding of SEP events and use this understanding to develop and improve SEP forecasting capabilities to support operations. Many SEP models exist or are in development using a wide variety of approaches and with differing goals. These include computationally intensive physics-based models, fast and light empirical models, machine learning-based models, and mixed-model approaches. The aim of this paper is to summarize all of the SEP models currently developed in the scientific community, including a description of model approach, inputs and outputs, free parameters, and any published validations or comparisons with data.
KW - SEP models
KW - Solar energetic particles
KW - Space radiation
KW - Space weather forecasting
KW - Space weather models
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85138567209&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85138567209&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.asr.2022.08.006
DO - 10.1016/j.asr.2022.08.006
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85138567209
SN - 0273-1177
JO - Advances in Space Research
JF - Advances in Space Research
ER -