TY - JOUR
T1 - Robust Deadlock Avoidance and Control of Automated Manufacturing Systems with Assembly Operations Using Petri Nets
AU - Du, Nan
AU - Hu, Hesuan
AU - Zhou, Meng Chu
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received December 21, 2019; revised March 12, 2020; accepted March 22, 2020. Date of publication April 30, 2020; date of current version October 6, 2020. This article was recommended for publication by Editor Jingshan Li upon evaluation of the reviewers’ comments. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61973242, Grant 61573265, and Grant 61203037, in part by the New Century Excellent Talents in University under Grant NCET-12-0921, in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant K5051304021, Grant K7215581201, and Grant K5051304004, in part by the Major Fundamental Research Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province under Grant 2017ZDJC-34, in part by the Academic Research Fund Tier 1 by Ministry of Education in Singapore under Grant 2014-T1-001-147, in part by the Academic Research Fund Tier 2 by Ministry of Education in Singapore under Grant MOE2015-T2-2-049, and in part by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Abdulaziz University under Grant RG-21-135-38. (Corresponding author: Hesuan Hu.) Nan Du is with the School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China (e-mail: dun@stu.xidian.edu.cn).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2004-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2020/10
Y1 - 2020/10
N2 - Deadlock resolution has been an important research topic in the field of automated manufacturing systems (AMSs). Researchers generally assume that AMS resources never break down whereas only a few resolve the issues of resource failures in the discrete-event supervision of AMSs. In fact, an AMS consists of a number of numerically controlled machines interacting with each other. The failure of resources happens unexpectedly. In this article, we allow parallel routes to use unreliable resources. Because of their powerful modeling capabilities, Petri nets are used to model the considered AMSs. By using a look-Ahead control strategy, a robust supervisory control policy is developed for AMSs with assembly operations allowing resource failures. Our objective is to advance parts requiring failed resources in their remaining routes into a special position so as to release shared resources in case some unreliable resources fail. Consequently, those parts not necessarily requiring any failed resource can keep progressing all the time. The conventional methods are on the basis of monolithic and structure-oriented control specifications with centralized supervisors. Our policy can be implemented in a distributed, online, and local way. Several examples are given to elucidate our control policy clearly. Note to Practitioners-In automated manufacturing systems (AMSs), resources such as machines and tools with higher reliablity are always expensive. Sometimes, when it is not cost-effective to use resources with higher reliability, manufacturers may choose some resources with possible failures. These resources are thus considered as unreliable ones in our article. Normally, unreliable resources may fail unexpectedly. Their occurrences can lead a system to stagnation, causing unnecessary downtime, and bringing economic loss to enterprises. To resolve such stagnation issues, we develop a robust supervisory control policy to synthesize a robust liveness-enforcing supervisor for AMSs with assembly operations and unreliable resources. The supervisor can guarantee that a controlled system continues to progress without deadlock and blocking states even if some unreliable resources fail to work.
AB - Deadlock resolution has been an important research topic in the field of automated manufacturing systems (AMSs). Researchers generally assume that AMS resources never break down whereas only a few resolve the issues of resource failures in the discrete-event supervision of AMSs. In fact, an AMS consists of a number of numerically controlled machines interacting with each other. The failure of resources happens unexpectedly. In this article, we allow parallel routes to use unreliable resources. Because of their powerful modeling capabilities, Petri nets are used to model the considered AMSs. By using a look-Ahead control strategy, a robust supervisory control policy is developed for AMSs with assembly operations allowing resource failures. Our objective is to advance parts requiring failed resources in their remaining routes into a special position so as to release shared resources in case some unreliable resources fail. Consequently, those parts not necessarily requiring any failed resource can keep progressing all the time. The conventional methods are on the basis of monolithic and structure-oriented control specifications with centralized supervisors. Our policy can be implemented in a distributed, online, and local way. Several examples are given to elucidate our control policy clearly. Note to Practitioners-In automated manufacturing systems (AMSs), resources such as machines and tools with higher reliablity are always expensive. Sometimes, when it is not cost-effective to use resources with higher reliability, manufacturers may choose some resources with possible failures. These resources are thus considered as unreliable ones in our article. Normally, unreliable resources may fail unexpectedly. Their occurrences can lead a system to stagnation, causing unnecessary downtime, and bringing economic loss to enterprises. To resolve such stagnation issues, we develop a robust supervisory control policy to synthesize a robust liveness-enforcing supervisor for AMSs with assembly operations and unreliable resources. The supervisor can guarantee that a controlled system continues to progress without deadlock and blocking states even if some unreliable resources fail to work.
KW - Assembly automation
KW - Petri nets (PNs)
KW - automated manufacturing systems (AMSs)
KW - deadlock avoidance
KW - deadlock control
KW - resource failures
KW - robust supervisory control
KW - supervisory control
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086311264&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1109/TASE.2020.2983672
DO - 10.1109/TASE.2020.2983672
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85086311264
SN - 1545-5955
VL - 17
SP - 1961
EP - 1975
JO - IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering
JF - IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering
IS - 4
M1 - 9082688
ER -