Abstract
We use selective electroless plated nickel alloys for filling high-aspect-ratio (height/width > 1) windows before sputtering aluminum for the first-level metallization. After briefly discussing the electroless plating process, we describe the physical analysis (cross-section transmission electron microscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy) of the Al(1%Cu)/electroless NiP/CoSi2/Si materials interaction as a function of anneal temperature. We then describe the electrical properties of contact resistance and diode leakage. Here, we study several complimentary metal-oxide-silicon (CMOS) processes with junctions 500–2500 Å deep, below 700 Å CoSi2. The Al/Ni plug metallization does not degrade CMOS devices with nominally 2500-Å-deep junctions, when the subsequent processing temperatures is <400°C. Both Al/Ni and Ni/Si (through CoSi2) interact at above 400°C. At 450°C, the Ni/Si interacts to form enough Ni2Si below CoSi2 to degrade <2000-Å-deep junctions. The Al/Ni interacts to form Al3Ni with discontinuities at window steps. Physical analysis does not indicate interaction between Al, Ni, and Si at 330°C. However, the reverse-bias diode leakage of the ultrashallow junctions 500 A below CoSi2 severely degrades after the Al/Ni metallization is annealed at 330°C.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 3618-3624 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Journal of the Electrochemical Society |
Volume | 138 |
Issue number | 12 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 1991 |
Externally published | Yes |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films
- Electrochemistry
- Materials Chemistry