@article{44fdb27e67d34024a9837c3ca6959966,
title = "Solar Science with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array—A New View of Our Sun",
abstract = "The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is a new powerful tool for observing the Sun at high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution. These capabilities can address a broad range of fundamental scientific questions in solar physics. The radiation observed by ALMA originates mostly from the chromosphere—a complex and dynamic region between the photosphere and corona, which plays a crucial role in the transport of energy and matter and, ultimately, the heating of the outer layers of the solar atmosphere. Based on first solar test observations, strategies for regular solar campaigns are currently being developed. State-of-the-art numerical simulations of the solar atmosphere and modeling of instrumental effects can help constrain and optimize future observing modes for ALMA. Here we present a short technical description of ALMA and an overview of past efforts and future possibilities for solar observations at submillimeter and millimeter wavelengths. In addition, selected numerical simulations and observations at other wavelengths demonstrate ALMA{\textquoteright}s scientific potential for studying the Sun for a large range of science cases.",
keywords = "Chromosphere, Corona, Flares, Magnetohydrodynamics, Photosphere, Prominences, Radiative transfer, Sun",
author = "S. Wedemeyer and T. Bastian and R. Braj{\v s}a and H. Hudson and Gregory Fleishman and M. Loukitcheva and B. Fleck and Kontar, {E. P.} and {De Pontieu}, B. and P. Yagoubov and Tiwari, {S. K.} and R. Soler and Black, {J. H.} and P. Antolin and E. Scullion and S. Gun{\'a}r and N. Labrosse and Ludwig, {H. G.} and Benz, {A. O.} and White, {S. M.} and P. Hauschildt and Doyle, {J. G.} and Nakariakov, {V. M.} and T. Ayres and P. Heinzel and M. Karlicky and {Van Doorsselaere}, T. and Dale Gary and Alissandrakis, {C. E.} and A. Nindos and Solanki, {S. K.} and {Rouppe van der Voort}, L. and M. Shimojo and Y. Kato and T. Zaqarashvili and E. Perez and Selhorst, {C. L.} and M. Barta",
note = "Funding Information: This review was written in connection with the Solar Simulations for the Atacama Large Millimeter Observatory Network (SSALMON, http://www.ssalmon.uio.no ). We are grateful to the many colleagues who are working actively on realising the solar observing modes for ALMA as part of CSV/EOC activities carried out by the solar development teams of the NA/EU/EA-ARCs and JAO. In particular, we would like to thank A. Remijan and R. Hills for helpful comments. S. Wedemeyer acknowledges support (UiO-PES2020) by the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University of Oslo, Norway, and the Research Council of Norway (grant 221767/F20). R. Braj{\v s}a was supported by the European Commission FP7 with the projects eHEROES (284461, 2012–2015) and SOLARNET (312495, 2013–2017), as well as by the Croatian Science Foundation (project 6212 “Solar and Stellar Variability”). G. Fleishman is supported by NSF grants AGS-1250374 and AGS-1262772 and NASA grant NNX14AC87G to the New Jersey Institute of Technology. M. Loukitcheva acknowledges Saint-Petersburg State University for research grants 6.0.26.2010, 6.37.343.2015 and 6.42.1428.2015, and grant RFBR 15-02-03835. M. B{\'a}rta thanks for the support of the European Commission through the CIG grant PCIG-GA-2011-304265 (SERAF) and GACR grant 13-24782S. M. B{\'a}rta, M. Karlicky, E. Kontar and V. M. Nakariakov acknowledge the Marie Curie PIRSES-GA-2011-295272 RadioSun project. R. Soler acknowledges support from MINECO and FEDER funds (AYA2011-22846), from a “Juan de la Cierva” grant (JCI-2012-13594), from MECD (CEF11-0012), from CAIB (“Grups Competitius” program), and UIB (“Vicerectorat d{\textquoteright}Investigacio i Postgrau”). S. K. Tiwari is supported by appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the NASA/MSFC, administered by ORAU through a contract with NASA. E. Scullion is a Government of Ireland Post-doctoral Research Fellow supported by the Irish Research Council. N. Labrosse acknowledges support from STFC grant ST/L000741/1, and, together with H. Hudson, funding from the European Community{\textquoteright}s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement no. 606862 (F-CHROMA). Research at the Armagh Observatory is grant-aided by the N. Ireland Dept. of Culture, Arts and Leisure. V. M. Nakariakov acknowledges the STFC consolidated grant ST/L000733/1. T. Van Doorsselaere was supported by an Odysseus grant of the FWO Vlaanderen, the IAP P7/08 CHARM (Belspo) and the GOA-2015-014 (KU Leuven). A Nindos{\textquoteright} work has been partly co-financed by the European Union (European Social Fund—ESF) and Greek national funds through the Operational Program “Education and Lifelong Learning” of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF)—Research Funding Program: “Thales. Investing in knowledge society through the European Social Fund”. T. V. Zaqarashvili acknowledges FWF (the Austrian Fonds zur F{\"o}rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung) project P26181-N27. C. L. Selhorst acknowledges financial support from the S{\~a}o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), grant number 2014/10489-0. We acknowledge usage of the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.",
year = "2016",
month = apr,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1007/s11214-015-0229-9",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "200",
journal = "Space Science Reviews",
issn = "0038-6308",
publisher = "Springer Netherlands",
number = "1-4",
}