Tissue-Specific Differential Expression of Novel Genes and Long Intergenic Noncoding RNAs in Humans With Extreme Response to Evoked Endotoxemia

Jane F. Ferguson, Chenyi Xue, Yuanfeng Gao, Tian Tian, Jianting Shi, Xuan Zhang, Ying Wang, Yuhuang D. Li, Zhi Wei, Mingyao Li, Hanrui Zhang, Muredach P. Reilly

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cytokine responses to activation of innate immunity differ between individuals, yet the genomic and tissue-specific transcriptomic determinants of inflammatory responsiveness are not well understood. We hypothesized that tissue-specific mRNA and long intergenic noncoding RNA (lincRNA) induction differs between individuals with divergent evoked inflammatory responses. METHODS: In the GENE Study (Genetics of Evoked Response to Niacin and Endotoxemia), we performed an inpatient endotoxin challenge (1 ng/kg lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) in healthy humans. We selected individuals in the top (high responders) and bottom (low responders) extremes of inflammatory responses and applied RNA sequencing to CD14 monocytes (N=15) and adipose tissue (N=25) before and after LPS administration. RESULTS: Although only a small number of genes were differentially expressed at baseline, there were clear differences in the magnitude of the transcriptional response post-LPS between high and low responders, with a far greater number of genes differentially expressed by endotoxemia in high responders. Furthermore, tissue responses differed during inflammation, and we found a number of tissue-specific differentially expressed lincRNAs post-LPS, which we validated. Relative to nondifferentially expressed lincRNAs, differentially expressed lincRNAs were equally likely to be nonconserved as conserved between human and mouse, indicating that conservation is not a predictor of lincRNAs associated with human inflammatory pathophysiology. Differentially expressed genes also were enriched for signals with inflammatory and cardiometabolic disease in published genome-wide association studies. CTB-41I6.2 ( AC002091.1), a nonconserved human-specific lincRNA, is one of the top lincRNAs regulated by endotoxemia in monocytes, but not in adipose tissue. Knockdown experiments in THP-1 monocytes suggest that this lincRNA enhances LPS-induced interleukin 6 ( IL6) expression in monocytes, and we now refer to this as monocyte LPS-induced lincRNA regulator of IL6 ( MOLRIL6). CONCLUSIONS: We highlight mRNAs and lincRNAs that represent novel candidates for modulation of innate immune and metabolic responses in humans. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00953667.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)e001907
JournalCirculation. Genomic and precision medicine
Volume11
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 1 2018

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Genetics
  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Genetics(clinical)

Keywords

  • adipose tissue
  • endotoxemia
  • inflammation
  • monocyte
  • response syndrome
  • systemic inflammatory

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