TY - JOUR
T1 - Wireless Coverage for Mobile Users in Dynamic Environments Using UAV
AU - Sawalmeh, Ahmad H.
AU - Othman, Noor Shamsiah
AU - Shakhatreh, Hazim
AU - Khreishah, Abdallah
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Universiti Tenaga Nasional Internal Grant (UNIIG 2018). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - In this paper, the dynamic deployment of a single UAV as an aerial base station in providing wireless coverage for mobile outdoor and indoor users is studied. The problem of finding the efficient UAV trajectory is formulated with the objective to minimize the required UAV transmit power that satisfies the users' minimum data rate. The proposed solution to the problem considers the users' movement in a search and rescue (SAR) operation. More specifically, the outdoor rescue team members are considered to move in a group with the reference point group mobility (RPGM) model. Whilst, the indoor rescue team members are considered to move individually and in a group with random waypoint and RPGM models, respectively. The efficient UAV trajectory is developed using two approaches, namely, heuristic and optimal approaches. The employment of the heuristic approach, namely particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetics algorithm (GA), to find the efficient UAV trajectory reduced the execution time by a factor of ∼eq 1/60 and ∼eq 1/9 compared to that when using the optimal approach of brute-force search space algorithm. Furthermore, the use of PSO algorithm reduced the execution time by a factor of ∼eq 1/7 compared to that when the GA algorithm is invoked.The performance of the dynamic UAV deployment also outperformed the static UAV deployment in terms of the required transmit power. More specifically, the dynamic UAV deployment required less total transmit power by a factor of about 1/2 compared to the static UAV deployment, in providing wireless coverage for rescue team to perform SAR operation within a rectangular sub-region.
AB - In this paper, the dynamic deployment of a single UAV as an aerial base station in providing wireless coverage for mobile outdoor and indoor users is studied. The problem of finding the efficient UAV trajectory is formulated with the objective to minimize the required UAV transmit power that satisfies the users' minimum data rate. The proposed solution to the problem considers the users' movement in a search and rescue (SAR) operation. More specifically, the outdoor rescue team members are considered to move in a group with the reference point group mobility (RPGM) model. Whilst, the indoor rescue team members are considered to move individually and in a group with random waypoint and RPGM models, respectively. The efficient UAV trajectory is developed using two approaches, namely, heuristic and optimal approaches. The employment of the heuristic approach, namely particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetics algorithm (GA), to find the efficient UAV trajectory reduced the execution time by a factor of ∼eq 1/60 and ∼eq 1/9 compared to that when using the optimal approach of brute-force search space algorithm. Furthermore, the use of PSO algorithm reduced the execution time by a factor of ∼eq 1/7 compared to that when the GA algorithm is invoked.The performance of the dynamic UAV deployment also outperformed the static UAV deployment in terms of the required transmit power. More specifically, the dynamic UAV deployment required less total transmit power by a factor of about 1/2 compared to the static UAV deployment, in providing wireless coverage for rescue team to perform SAR operation within a rectangular sub-region.
KW - Genetic algorithm
KW - Particle swarm optimization
KW - Random waypoint
KW - Reference point group mobility model
KW - Unmanned aerial vehicles
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U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2938272
DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2938272
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85072578067
SN - 2169-3536
VL - 7
SP - 126376
EP - 126390
JO - IEEE Access
JF - IEEE Access
M1 - 8819951
ER -